-etlen
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See also: étlen
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-etlen (comparative -etlenebb, superlative leg- -etlenebb)
- (adjective-forming suffix) -less, un-, dis- (a privative suffix added to a noun or a verb to form adjectives with a meaning of lacking something)
- fej (“head”) + -etlen → fejetlen (“headless; confused”)
- ismer (“to know”) + -etlen → ismeretlen (“unknown”)
Usage notes
[edit]- (adjective-forming suffix) Variants:
- -talan is added to back-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives)
- -telen is added to front-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives)
- -tlan is added to back-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives) ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
- -tlen is added to front-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives) ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -atlan is added to back-vowel verbs and nouns (occasionally adjectives)
- -etlen is added to front-vowel verbs and nouns (occasionally adjectives)
- Using two different suffix variants with the same stem may result in different meanings:
Declension
[edit]| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -etlen | -etlenek |
| accusative | -etlent | -etleneket |
| dative | -etlennek | -etleneknek |
| instrumental | -etlennel | -etlenekkel |
| causal-final | -etlenért | -etlenekért |
| translative | -etlenné | -etlenekké |
| terminative | -etlenig | -etlenekig |
| essive-formal | -etlenként | -etlenekként |
| essive-modal | -etlenül | -etlenekül |
| inessive | -etlenben | -etlenekben |
| superessive | -etlenen | -etleneken |
| adessive | -etlennél | -etleneknél |
| illative | -etlenbe | -etlenekbe |
| sublative | -etlenre | -etlenekre |
| allative | -etlenhez | -etlenekhez |
| elative | -etlenből | -etlenekből |
| delative | -etlenről | -etlenekről |
| ablative | -etlentől | -etlenektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-etlené | -etleneké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-etlenéi | -etlenekéi |