趁

趁 U+8D81, 趁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D81 ← 趀 [U+8D80] CJK Unified Ideographs 趂 → [U+8D82]

Translingual

Han character

趁 (Kangxi radical 156, 走+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土人人竹竹 (GOOHH), four-corner 4880₂, composition ⿺走㐱)

Derived characters

• 𦼛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1216, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37083
• Dae Jaweon: page 1685, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3482, character 13
• Unihan data for U+8D81

Chinese

simp. and trad.		趁
alternative forms		趂 𧼇 𮚶 𢌝 跈 趂 𧼇 𮚶 𢌝 跈 𧽃 賺／赚 Min “to earn”

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (疹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
沴	*rɯːls
趁	*nlanʔ, *l̥ʰɯns, *l'ɯn
紾	*ʔl'anʔ, *kljɯnʔ
跈	*nlɯːnʔ, *l'ɯːnʔ
殄	*l'ɯːnʔ
抮	*hlɯːnʔ
駗	*rɯn, *kljɯnʔ
珍	*ʔl'ɯn
診	*l'ɯns, *kljɯnʔ
畛	*kljɯn, *kljɯnʔ
疹	*kljɯnʔ
軫	*kljɯnʔ
胗	*kljɯnʔ, *klɯnʔ
袗	*kljɯnʔ, *kljɯns
眕	*kljɯnʔ
飻	*l̥ʰɯːd
餮	*r̥ʰɯːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *nlanʔ, *l̥ʰɯns, *l'ɯn): semantic 走 (“to run”) + phonetic 㐱.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chèn (chen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): can³

• Northern Min (KCR): te̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): tíng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): teng⁴ / cing⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thàn / thìn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tang³ / ziang² / ziêng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tshen

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chèn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻên⁴
    • Yale: chèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenn
    • Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: can³
    • Yale: chan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐn³³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: te̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰeiŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tíng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɛiŋ²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: teng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɛŋ⁴²/
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cing⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiŋ²¹/

Note:

• teng4 - vernacular;
• cing5 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàn / thìn
    • Tâi-lô: thàn / thìn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: taxn, tixn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰan²¹/, /tʰin²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰan⁴¹/, /tʰin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰan²¹/, /tʰin²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰan¹¹/, /tʰin¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰan²¹/, /tʰin²¹/

Note:

• thàn - vernacular;
• thìn - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: tang³ / ziang² / ziêng²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thàng / tsiáng / tsiéng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaŋ²¹³/, /t͡siaŋ⁵²/, /t͡sieŋ⁵²/

Note:

• tang3 - vernacular;
• ziang2/ziêng2 - literary (ziêng2 - Chaozhou).

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tshen
    • MiniDict: tshen^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰən³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: drin, nrjenX, trhinH

Rime
Character	趁	趁	趁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	娘 (12)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)	仙 (79)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	直珍切	尼展切	丑刃切
Baxter	drin	nrjenX	trhinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiɪn/	/ɳˠiᴇnX/	/ʈʰˠiɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚin/	/ɳᵚiɛnX/	/ʈʰᵚinH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡien/	/niænX/	/ȶʰienH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖjin/	/ɳianX/	/ʈʰjinH/
Li Rong	/ȡjĕn/	/njɛnX/	/ȶʰjĕnH/
Wang Li	/ȡǐĕn/	/nĭɛnX/	/ȶʰǐĕnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ĕn/	/ni̯ɛnX/	/ȶʰi̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chén	niǎn	chèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	can4	nin5	can3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*nlanʔ/, /*l̥ʰɯns/, /*l'ɯn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	趁	趁	趁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	17084	17092	17093
Phonetic component	疹	疹	疹
Rime group	元	文	文
Rime subdivision	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	趁	疢	陳
Old Chinese	/*nlanʔ/	/*l̥ʰɯns/	/*l'ɯn/
Notes	莊子作跈		集韻義同說文

Definitions

趁

1. (literary or Min) to chase; to pursue
2. (literary or Min) to follow; to accompany
3. to take advantage of (time, opportunity, etc); to avail oneself of

   趁機會偷嘢食 [Cantonese, trad.]
   趁机会偷嘢食 [Cantonese, simp.]

   can³ gei¹ wui⁶ tau¹ je⁵ sik⁶ [Jyutping]

   filch food while the opportunity is there

4. (Min) to earn (money)

   趁大錢／趁大钱 [Hokkien]  ―  thàn tōa-chîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to earn a lot of money

5. (Mandarin, colloquial) to have a lot of

   趁錢／趁钱  ―  chènqián  ―  wealthy

6. used to indicate a present situation: while circumstances are optimal

   趁熱打鐵／趁热打铁  ―  chèn rè dǎ tiě  ―  to strike while the iron is hot

   趁天氣好，快出去玩兒吧。 [MSC, trad.]
   趁天气好，快出去玩儿吧。 [MSC, simp.]

   Chèn tiānqì hǎo, kuài chūqù wánr ba. [Pinyin]

   While the weather's good, go outside and play.

7. (Eastern Min) from; since
8. (Mainland China Hokkien) to imitate (someone)
9. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to shoo away; to drive away (poultry or livestock)

Compounds

• 尋趁 / 寻趁
• 廝趁 / 厮趁
• 忙投急趁
• 打趁
• 打鐵趁熱 / 打铁趁热 (dǎtiěchènrè)
• 朝趁暮食
• 相趁
• 睃趁
• 短趁
• 趁亮兒 / 趁亮儿
• 趁人不備 / 趁人不备
• 趁人之危
• 趁便 (chènbiàn)
• 趁勢 / 趁势 (chènshì)
• 趁勢落篷 / 趁势落篷
• 趁口
• 趁哄
• 趁哄打劫
• 趁墟 (chènxū)
• 趁工
• 趁常
• 趁心 (chènxīn)
• 趁心如意
• 趁手 (chènshǒu)
• 趁早 (chènzǎo)
• 趁樣 / 趁样
• 趁機 / 趁机 (chènjī)
• 趁波逐浪
• 趁流水
• 趁浪逐波
• 趁火打劫 (chènhuǒdǎjié)
• 趁火搶劫 / 趁火抢劫
• 趁熱 / 趁热
• 趁熟
• 趁熱灶 / 趁热灶
• 趁熱灶火 / 趁热灶火
• 趁空
• 趁緊 / 趁紧
• 趁腳兒蹻 / 趁脚儿跷
• 趁船
• 趁虛而入 / 趁虚而入 (chènxū'érrù)
• 趁討 / 趁讨
• 趁貨兒 / 趁货儿
• 趁逐
• 趁錢 / 趁钱 (chènqián)
• 趁韻 / 趁韵
• 趁頭 / 趁头
• 趁頭市 / 趁头市
• 趁願 / 趁愿
• 趁風勢 / 趁风势
• 趁風揚帆 / 趁风扬帆
• 趁食 (thàn-chia̍h)
• 趁食人
• 趁食查某
• 趁食間 / 趁食间
• 趁黑
• 趕趁 / 赶趁
• 趕趁人 / 赶趁人
• 隨趁 / 随趁
• 雜趁 / 杂趁

References

• “趁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “趁”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 29.

Japanese

Kanji

趁

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ちん (chin)
• Kan-on: ちん (chin)
• Kun: おう (ou, 趁う)

Korean

Hanja

趁 • (jin, nyeon) (hangeul 진, 년, revised jin, nyeon, McCune–Reischauer chin, nyŏn, Yale cin, nyen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

趁: Hán Việt readings: sấn
趁: Nôm readings: sấn, sán, sắn, sớn, thấn, xớn

1. chữ Hán form of sấn (“chase, "while it is still/right..."”).