芹

芹 U+82B9, 芹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82B9 ← 芸 [U+82B8] CJK Unified Ideographs 芺 → [U+82BA]

Translingual

Han character

芹 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿竹一中 (THML), four-corner 4422₁, composition ⿱艹斤)

Derived characters

• 𣄄, 𣔠

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1021, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30742
• Dae Jaweon: page 1480, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3182, character 3
• Unihan data for U+82B9

Chinese

trad.		芹
simp. #		芹
alternative forms		斳 菦 䓅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (斤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蘄	*ɡɯ, *kɯl, *ɡɯn
祈	*ɡɯl
頎	*ɡɯl
旂	*ɡɯl
圻	*ɡɯl, *ŋɡɯːn, *ŋɡɯn
蚚	*ɡɯl, *ɡɯːls
岓	*ɡɯl
玂	*ɡɯl
沂	*ŋɡɯl
掀	*qʰan
釿	*ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋkɯn
齗	*ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯn
听	*ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯnʔ
垽	*ŋrɯns, *qɯns
斤	*kɯn, *kɯns
菦	*kɯnʔ
靳	*kɯns
劤	*kɯns
勁	*kɯns, *keŋs
赾	*kʰɯnʔ
芹	*ɡɯn
近	*ɡɯnʔ, *ɡɯns
斦	*ŋɡɯn
欣	*qʰɯn
忻	*qʰɯn
昕	*qʰɯn
訢	*qʰɯn
炘	*qʰɯn, *qʰɯns
邤	*qʰɯn
庍	*qʰɯns, *mpreːɡs
焮	*qʰɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯn): semantic 艹 + phonetic 斤 (OC *kɯn, *kɯns).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qín (qin²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qin²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kan⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): kin³

• Gan (Wiktionary): qin²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khiùn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kiun²

• Jin (Wiktionary): qing¹
• Northern Min (KCR): ge̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): kṳ̀ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khûn / khîn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): keng⁵ / kêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶jin
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qin²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qín
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cín
    • Wade–Giles: chʻin²
    • Yale: chín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
    • Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: qin²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kan⁴
    • Yale: kàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ken⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: kin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰin²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: qin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiun^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiun²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯un¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kiun²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰiun¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qing¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ge̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keiŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kṳ̀ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰyŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khûn
    • Tâi-lô: khûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quun
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kʰun²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîn
    • Tâi-lô: khîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiin
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰin²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰin¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: keng⁵ / kêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khṳ̂ng / khêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɯŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰeŋ⁵⁵/

Note: kêng5 - Jieyang.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶jin
    • MiniDict: jin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑin²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: qin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: gj+n

Rime
Character	芹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	欣 (57)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨斤切
Baxter	gj+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡɨn/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨn/
Li Rong	/ɡiən/
Wang Li	/ɡĭən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[ɢ]ər/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	芹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qín
Middle Chinese	‹ gjɨn ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[ɢ]ər/
English	cress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芹
Reading #	1/1
No.	6657
Phonetic component	斤
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	勤
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯn/

Definitions

芹

1. water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica)
2. celery (Apium graveolens)
3. (figurative) meager; humble

Compounds

• 一芹
• 掇芹
• 採芹人 / 采芹人
• 水芹 (shuǐqín)
• 獻芹 / 献芹
• 芹意
• 芹獻 / 芹献
• 芹菜 (qíncài)
• 芹藻
• 茴芹 (huíqín)
• 采芹
• 野人獻芹 / 野人献芹
• 鴨兒芹 / 鸭儿芹

Japanese

Kanji

芹

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica)

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: きん (kin)
• Kun: せり (seri, 芹)

Compounds

• 献芹(けんきん) (kenkin)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
芹
せり Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せり [sèríꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [se̞ɾʲi]

Noun

芹(せり) or 芹(セリ) • (seri) 

1. water dropwort, Oenanthe javanica

   Hypernym: 春の七草

   Coordinate terms: 芹, 薺, 御形, 繁縷, 仏の座, 菘, 蘿蔔

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).

Derived terms

• 毒芹(ドクゼリ) (dokuzeri)
• 沼芹(ヌマゼリ) (numazeri)
• 浜芹(ハマゼリ) (hamazeri)
• 山芹(ヤマゼリ) (yamazeri)

Korean

Hanja

芹 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

芹: Hán Nôm readings: cần

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.