Jump to content

勁

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 劲
勁 U+52C1, 勁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52C1
← 勀
[U+52C0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勂 →
[U+52C2]

Translingual

[edit]
Traditional 勁
Shinjitai
(extended) 		𠡍
Simplified 劲

Han character

[edit]

勁 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一一大尸 (MMKS), four-corner 14127, composition ⿰巠力)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 147, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2349
  • Dae Jaweon: page 332, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 371, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+52C1

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 勁
simp. 劲
alternative forms ⿰𰡮力 early simplified form
𠡍

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 勁
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (巠) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
葝 *ɡeŋ, *ɡeŋ
頸 *keŋʔ, *ɡeŋ
勁 *kɯns, *keŋs
鑋 *kʰeŋ, *kʰeːŋs
輕 *kʰeŋ, *kʰeŋs
涇 *ɡeŋʔ, *keːŋ
經 *keːŋ, *keːŋs
鵛 *keːŋ
巠 *keːŋ
剄 *keːŋʔ
烴 *keːŋʔ
徑 *keːŋs
逕 *keːŋs
桱 *keːŋs
蛵 *qʰeːŋ
陘 *ɡeːŋ
鋞 *ɡeːŋ, *ɡeːŋʔ
脛 *ɡeːŋʔ, *ɡeːŋs
踁 *ɡeːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯns, *keŋs) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 力 (“strength”).

Etymology

[edit]

Perhaps related to 強 (OC *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ, “strong”).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
Note:
  • ging6 - more common, especially when meaning “amazing; terrific; super”.
Rime
Character 勁
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 清 (121)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居正切
Baxter kjiengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kiᴇŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kiɛŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiæŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kiajŋH/
Li
Rong 		/kiɛŋH/
Wang
Li 		/kĭɛŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ɛŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ging3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 勁
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjiengH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*keŋ-s/ (no palatalization before *-eŋ?)
English strong

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 勁 勁
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6655 6790
Phonetic
component 		斤 巠
Rime
group 		文 耕
Rime
subdivision 		1 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		靳 勁
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯns/ /*keŋs/
Notes 今訓讀爲劤
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
Particularly: “Taishanese”

Definitions

[edit]

勁

  1. powerful; strong
  2. vigorous; with energy; lively
  3. (Cantonese) amazing; terrific
    好勁／好劲 [Cantonese]  ―  hou2 ging6 [Jyutping]  ―  amazing
  4. (Cantonese) very; super
    勁似／劲似 [Cantonese]  ―  ging6 ci5 [Jyutping]  ―  closely resembling
    勁煩／劲烦 [Cantonese]  ―  ging6 faan4 [Jyutping]  ―  super annoying
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 厲害 (“impressive; excellent; amazing; fantastic”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 牛, 牛兒, 牛屄 vulgar
Taiwan 厲害, 棒
Malaysia 厲害, 夠力
Singapore 厲害
Cantonese Guangzhou 犀利, 勁
Hong Kong 犀利, 勁, 勁抽, 堅抽
Penang (Guangfu) 犀利
Singapore (Guangfu) 犀利, 勁
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 厲害, 慶
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 厲害, 慶, 壁
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 厲害, 慶
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 厲害, 慶
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 厲害, 慶
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 厲害, 慶
Hong Kong 叻
Kuching (Hepo) 慶
Southern Min Xiamen 厲害
Shishi 厲害
Zhao'an 厲害
Tainan 厲害
Penang (Hokkien) 厲害
Singapore (Hokkien) 厲害, 勥, 𠢕
Manila (Hokkien) 厲害, 勥, 𠢕
Puning 厲害, 野
Haifeng 厲害
Singapore (Teochew) 厲害
Wu Shanghai 結棍
Suzhou 結棍
Wuxi 結棍
Hangzhou 結棍
Ningbo 結棍
Xiang Changsha 䏧腮

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
Rime
Character 勁
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 清 (121)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居正切
Baxter kjiengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kiᴇŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kiɛŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiæŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kiajŋH/
Li
Rong 		/kiɛŋH/
Wang
Li 		/kĭɛŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ɛŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ging3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 勁
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjiengH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*keŋ-s/ (no palatalization before *-eŋ?)
English strong

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 勁 勁
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6655 6790
Phonetic
component 		斤 巠
Rime
group 		文 耕
Rime
subdivision 		1 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		靳 勁
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯns/ /*keŋs/
Notes 今訓讀爲劤

Definitions

[edit]

勁

  1. vigor; energy; strength (Classifier: 股 m)
  2. air; manner; expression (Classifier: 股 m)
  3. interest; relish; gusto

Compounds

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Shinjitai
(extended)

𠡍

Kyūjitai

勁

Kanji

[edit]
勁

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𠡍)

  1. Powerful, power.[1]

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: きょう (kyō)←きやう (kyau, historical)
  • Kan-on: けい (kei)
  • Kun: つよい (tsuyoi, 勁い)
  • Nanori: つよし (tsuyoshi)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Akiyasu Tōdō [et al.] (2002) 漢字源, →ISBN: “勁 劤”

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

勁 (eum 경 (gyeong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

勁: Hán Nôm readings: kính, cứng, cánh, kình

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=勁&oldid=80116050"