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棒

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
棒 U+68D2, 棒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68D2
← 棑
[U+68D1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 棓 →
[U+68D3]

Translingual

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Han character

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棒 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木手大手 (DQKQ), four-corner 45953, composition ⿰木奉)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 532, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14929
  • Dae Jaweon: page 920, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1222, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+68D2

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 棒
alternative forms 棓 “stick”
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (丰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
邦 *proːŋ
梆 *proːŋ
垹 *proːŋ
肨 *pʰroːŋs, *pʰroːŋs
蚌 *broːŋʔ, *breːŋʔ
玤 *broːŋʔ
棒 *broːŋʔ
蜯 *broːŋʔ
琫 *poːŋʔ
菶 *poːŋʔ, *boːŋʔ
俸 *poːŋʔ, *boŋs
髼 *boːŋ
蜂 *boːŋ, *pʰoŋ
韸 *boːŋ
蓬 *boːŋ
篷 *boːŋ
唪 *boːŋʔ, *boŋʔ
埲 *boːŋʔ
丰 *pʰoŋ
妦 *pʰoŋ
仹 *pʰoŋ
峯 *pʰoŋ
峰 *pʰoŋ
鋒 *pʰoŋ
烽 *pʰoŋ
蠭 *pʰoŋ
桻 *pʰoŋ
莑 *pʰoŋ
夆 *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds
捧 *pʰoŋʔ
逢 *boŋ
縫 *boŋ, *boŋs
漨 *boŋ
捀 *boŋ, *boŋs
奉 *boŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *broːŋʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree, wood”) + phonetic 奉 (OC *boŋʔ) – a wooden club.

Etymology

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“terrific; smart; handsome; excellent; skillful”
The semantics may have developed as “stick” > “hard” > “excellent”; compare dialectal Mandarin 槓／杠 (gàng) (Yang, 2012).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 棒
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 江 (9)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 步項切
Baxter baewngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠʌŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚɔŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bɔŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/baɨwŋX/
Li
Rong 		/bɔŋX/
Wang
Li 		/bɔŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱɔŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bong6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 棒
Reading # 1/1
No. 3207
Phonetic
component 		丰
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		㭋
Old
Chinese 		/*broːŋʔ/
Notes 說文作棓

Definitions

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棒

  1. stick; club; truncheon
  2. to hit with a stick
  3. (figurative) baton; responsibility; succession
  4. (Mandarin, colloquial) hefty; strong
  5. (Mandarin, colloquial) terrific; smart; handsome; excellent; skillful
    這篇文章寫得多棒啊，背下來。 [MSC, trad.]
    这篇文章写得多棒啊，背下来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè piān wénzhāng xiě de duō bàng a, bèi xiàlái. [Pinyin]
    How excellently written is this article! Learn it by heart.

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 厲害 (“impressive; excellent; amazing; fantastic”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 牛, 牛兒, 牛屄 vulgar
Taiwan 厲害, 棒
Malaysia 厲害, 夠力
Singapore 厲害
Cantonese Guangzhou 犀利, 勁
Hong Kong 犀利, 勁, 勁抽, 堅抽
Penang (Guangfu) 犀利
Singapore (Guangfu) 犀利, 勁
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 厲害, 慶
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 厲害, 慶, 壁
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 厲害, 慶
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 厲害, 慶
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 厲害, 慶
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 厲害, 慶
Hong Kong 叻
Kuching (Hepo) 慶
Southern Min Xiamen 厲害
Shishi 厲害
Zhao'an 厲害
Tainan 厲害
Penang (Hokkien) 厲害
Singapore (Hokkien) 厲害, 勥, 𠢕
Manila (Hokkien) 厲害, 勥, 𠢕
Puning 厲害, 野
Haifeng 厲害
Singapore (Teochew) 厲害
Wu Shanghai 結棍
Suzhou 結棍
Wuxi 結棍
Hangzhou 結棍
Ningbo 結棍
Xiang Changsha 䏧腮
  • (Cantonese) (excellent): 正 (zeng3)

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (棒):
  • → Japanese: 棒(ぼう) (bō)

Others:

Japanese

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Kanji

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棒

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. bar, staff, stick, pole, walking stick, cane, stave, strove, rod, wand, (shepherd's) crook.
  2. straight line.

Readings

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  • Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)←ばう (bau, historical)
  • Kan-on: ほう (hō)←はう (fau, historical)
  • Kun: つえ (tsue, 棒)←つゑ (tuwe, 棒, historical)

Etymology

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
棒
ぼう
Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 棒 (MC baewngX). The goon pronunciation, so likely an earlier borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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棒(ぼう) • (bō) ←ばう (bau)?

  1. a staff, measuring 6 shaku (about 1.8 meters), used in martial arts such as 棒術 (bōjutsu)
  2. (by extension) stick-like or long, cylindrical item: pointer, pole, rod, etc.
    棒(ぼう)を持(も)つ
    bō o motsu
    to hold a pointer
    うまい棒(ぼう)
    Umaibō
    Umaibō (a cylinder-shaped snack food)
    棒(ぼう)のぼり
    bō-nobori
    pole climbing (found in elementary schools to train the strength of students)
  3. (by extension) a straight line; bar
  4. (by extension) state of being in a "straight line"; continuous
  5. taut leg muscles due to fatigue (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  6. (Buddhism) staff used by practitioners of Zen Buddhism

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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棒 (eumhun 몽둥이 봉 (mongdung'i bong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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棒: Hán Nôm readings: vổng, bọng, bộng, bổng, búng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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