換

See also: 换

換 U+63DB, 換 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63DB ← 揚 [U+63DA] CJK Unified Ideographs 揜 → [U+63DC]

Translingual

Han character

換 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手弓月大 (QNBK), four-corner 5703₄, composition ⿰扌奐)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 442, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12358
• Dae Jaweon: page 793, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 1922, character 4
• Unihan data for U+63DB

Chinese

trad.		換
simp.		换

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
渙	*qʰʷaːds, *qʰʷaːns
瘓	*tqʰʷaːnʔ
喚	*qʰʷaːns
煥	*qʰʷaːns
奐	*qʰʷaːns
寏	*ɢʷaːn
換	*ɢʷaːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷaːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): huàn (huan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huan⁴

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуан (huan, III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wun⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): von⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): uon⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): von

  (Hailu, HRS): von^˖

  (Meixian, Guangdong): von⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): huan³
• Northern Min (KCR): hūing
• Eastern Min (BUC): uâng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): yo⁵ / yaⁿ⁵ / huang⁴ / huong⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ōaⁿ / hoān / hoàn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uan⁷ / huêng³ / huang³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶we
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): honn⁴ / honn⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
    • Wade–Giles: huan⁴
    • Yale: hwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
    • Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: huan⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuan²¹³/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуан (huan, III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuæ̃⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wun⁶
    • Yale: wuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wun⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wun⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːn²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: von⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vᵘɔn³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: uon⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɵn¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: von
    • Hakka Romanization System: von
    • Hagfa Pinyim: von⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /von⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: von^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /von³³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: von⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ʋɔn⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: huan³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hūing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: uâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɑŋ²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yo⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yɒ²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yaⁿ⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ỹã²¹/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁴²/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁴²/

Note:

• yo5/yaⁿ5 - vernacular;
• huang4/huong4 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: uānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: voa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /uã²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uã³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
    • Tâi-lô: huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huan²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
    • Tâi-lô: huàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/

Note:

• ōaⁿ - vernacular;
• hoān/hoàn - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: uan⁷ / huêng³ / huang³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uāⁿ / huèng / huàng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ũã¹¹/, /hueŋ²¹³/, /huaŋ²¹³/

Note:

• uan7 - vernacular;
• huêng3 - literary (Chaozhou);
• huang3 - literary (Shantou).

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶we
    • MiniDict: we^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦue²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: honn⁴ / honn⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xõ⁴⁵/, /xõ²¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 換
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/xuan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/xuan⁵³/
	Jinan	/xuã²¹/
	Qingdao	/xuã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/xuã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/xuã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/xuan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/xuɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xuan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/xuan³⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuan¹³/
	Guiyang	/xuan²¹³/
	Kunming	/xuã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/xuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/xʊ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦue²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦuø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ɦuõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/va²²/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ²²/ /uɛ²²/
	Tunxi	/uːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/xõ⁵⁵/ /xõ¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɦɔn²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/uɵn²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/von⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/von⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wun²²/
	Nanning	/wun²²/
	Hong Kong	/wun²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/huan²²/ /uã²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uɑŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xuiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/huaŋ²¹³/ /uã³¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/huaŋ³⁵/ /ua²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: hwanH

Rime
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡玩切
Baxter	hwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwanH/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤa[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hwanH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁa[n]-s/
English	change
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
No.	5360
Phonetic component	奐
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	換
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaːns/

Definitions

換

1. to exchange

   用石油換糧食／用石油换粮食  ―  yòng shíyóu huàn liángshí  ―  to trade oil for grain

   一百元人民幣能換多少港幣？ [MSC, trad.]
   一百元人民币能换多少港币？ [MSC, simp.]

   Yībǎi yuán rénmínbì néng huàn duōshào gǎngbì? [Pinyin]

   How many Hong Kong dollars can one hundred renminbi be exchanged for?

2. to change; to swap; to switch; to substitute

   換衣服／换衣服  ―  huàn yīfu  ―  to change one's clothes

   政府換咗人又點啫？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   政府换咗人又点啫？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   zing³ fu² wun⁶ zo² jan⁴ jau⁶ dim² ze¹? [Jyutping]

   OK, the head of government has changed; so what?

Compounds

• 換不來 / 换不来
• 換不開 / 换不开
• 換乘 / 换乘 (huànchéng)
• 換人 / 换人
• 換代 / 换代 (huàndài)
• 換位 / 换位 (huànwèi)
• 換個兒 / 换个儿
• 換匯 / 换汇 (huànhuì)
• 換取 / 换取 (huànqǔ)
• 換句話說 / 换句话说 (huànjùhuàshuō)
• 換季 / 换季 (huànjì)
• 換屆 / 换届 (huànjiè)
• 換崗 / 换岗 (huàngǎng)
• 換工 / 换工
• 換帖 / 换帖
• 換心 / 换心
• 換房 / 换房
• 換擋 / 换挡 (huàndǎng)
• 換文 / 换文
• 換樣 / 换样
• 換樣兒 / 换样儿
• 換氣 / 换气 (huànqì)
• 換氣扇 / 换气扇
• 換洗 / 换洗
• 換湯不換藥 / 换汤不换药 (huàn tāng bù huàn yào)
• 換牙 / 换牙 (huànyá)
• 換班 / 换班 (huànbān)
• 換算 / 换算 (huànsuàn)
• 換約 / 换约
• 換肩 / 换肩 (huànjiān)
• 換腦筋 / 换脑筋
• 換茬 / 换茬
• 換血 / 换血 (huànxuè)
• 換親 / 换亲
• 換言之 / 换言之 (huànyánzhī)
• 換車 / 换车 (huànchē)
• 換錢 / 换钱 (huànqián)
• 換防 / 换防 (huànfáng)
• 換馬 / 换马 (huànmǎ)

 

References

• “換”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “Entry #8431”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “换”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

Japanese

Kanji

換

(Jōyō kanji)

1. to interchange

Readings

• Go-on: がん (gan)^{←ぐわん (gwan, historical)}
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}
• Kun: かえる (kaeru, 換える, Jōyō)、かわる (kawaru, 換わる, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
換
かん Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 換 (MC hwanH).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Affix

換(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. to exchange

Korean

Hanja

換 • (hwan) (hangeul 환)

1. change, exchange
2. substitute

Vietnamese

Han character

換: Hán Nôm readings: hoán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.