傍

傍	U+508D, 傍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-508D

Translingual

Han character

傍 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人卜月尸 (OYBS), four-corner 2022₇, composition ⿰亻旁)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 113, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 948
Dae Jaweon: page 240, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 205, character 6
Unihan data for U+508D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		傍
alternative forms		旁

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 傍
Small seal script s05798 Transcribed ancient scripts L32887
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
縍	*paːŋ
榜	paːŋʔ, praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡	paːŋʔ, braːŋ
牓	*paːŋʔ
螃	paːŋʔ, paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒	paːŋs, braːŋ
舫	paːŋs, paŋs
謗	*paːŋs
雱	*pʰaːŋ
磅	pʰaːŋ, pʰraːŋ
霶	*pʰaːŋ
滂	*pʰaːŋ
鎊	*pʰaːŋ
髈	pʰaːŋʔ, baːŋ
彷	baːŋ, pʰaŋʔ
趽	baːŋ, paŋ, *paŋs
房	baːŋ, baŋ
篣	baːŋ, braːŋ
騯	baːŋ, praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍	baːŋ, baːŋs
膀	*baːŋ
旁	*baːŋ
徬	*baːŋs
閍	*praːŋ
祊	*praːŋ
嗙	*praːŋ
方	paŋ, baŋ
汸	*paŋ
坊	paŋ, baŋ
邡	paŋ, pʰaŋs
枋	*paŋ
鈁	*paŋ
蚄	*paŋ
肪	paŋ, baŋ
鴋	paŋ, baŋ
牥	*paŋ
昉	*paŋʔ
瓬	*paŋʔ
放	paŋʔ, paŋs
倣	*paŋʔ
芳	*pʰaŋ
淓	*pʰaŋ
妨	pʰaŋ, pʰaŋs
紡	*pʰaŋʔ
仿	*pʰaŋʔ
髣	*pʰaŋʔ
鶭	*pʰaŋʔ
訪	*pʰaŋs
防	baŋ, baŋs
魴	*baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baːŋ, *baːŋs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bàng, bāng (bang⁴, bang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˋ, ㄅㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bong⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phong
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pn̄g / pōng
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶baon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bàng
  - Wade–Giles: pang⁴
  - Yale: bàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banq
  - Palladius: бан (ban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bang
  - Wade–Giles: pang¹
  - Yale: bāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bang
  - Palladius: бан (ban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵⁵/

Note: bāng - used in the sense “to approach” in words such as 傍晚 and 傍午 (standard in Taiwan).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: bong⁶
  - Yale: bohng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bong⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: bong⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phong
  - Hakka Romanization System: pong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰoŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pn̄g
  - Tâi-lô: pn̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: png
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pŋ̍²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōng
  - Tâi-lô: pōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pong
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ²²/

Note:

pn̄g - vernacular;
pōng - literary.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶baon
  - MiniDict: baon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³baan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: bangH

Rime
Character	傍
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒲浪切
Baxter	bangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baŋ^H/
Li Rong	/bɑŋ^H/
Wang Li	/bɑŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɑŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bong⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤaŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*baːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傍
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bàng
Middle Chinese	‹ bang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁaŋ-s/
English	beside; assist
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傍
Reading #	2/2
No.	3010
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	傍
Old Chinese	/*baːŋs/

Definitions

傍

to draw near; to be beside; to approach; to be by the side of
to be close to; to be almost (in time)
to rely on; to depend on
to assist
(slang) to have an intimate relationship with someone
(Cantonese) to accompany
有人喺我隔離傍住係安心啲嘅。 [Cantonese, trad.]
有人喺我隔离傍住系安心啲嘅。 [Cantonese, simp.]
jau⁵ jan⁴ hai² ngo⁵ gaak³ lei⁴ bong⁶ zyu⁶ hai⁶ on¹ sam¹ di¹ ge². [Jyutping]
It's more relieving to have someone accompanying beside me.
(Cantonese) to look after; to look out for somebody
(Hokkien) to receive benefit or evils through dependence on someone or something
(Taiwanese Hokkien) to share; to apportion (a room, costs, etc.)
(Taiwanese Hokkien) to add; to augment

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): páng (pang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pong⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: páng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: páng
  - Wade–Giles: pʻang²
  - Yale: páng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
  - Palladius: пан (pan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: pong⁴
  - Yale: pòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔːŋ²¹/

Middle Chinese: bang

Rime
Character	傍
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	步光切
Baxter	bang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baŋ/
Li Rong	/bɑŋ/
Wang Li	/bɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	páng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pong⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*baːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傍
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	páng
Middle Chinese	‹ bang ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁaŋ/
English	beside; assist
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傍
Reading #	1/2
No.	3005
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	傍
Old Chinese	/*baːŋ/

Definitions

傍

^† Alternative form of 旁 (“side; extensive; other”)

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bēng (beng¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄥ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: beng
  - Wade–Giles: pêng¹
  - Yale: bēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beng
  - Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɤŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

傍

Only used in 傍傍.

Pronunciation 4

Hakka (Sixian, PFS): póng

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: póng
  - Hakka Romanization System: bong^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bong³
  - Sinological IPA: /poŋ³¹/

Definitions

傍

(Hakka) to have savory dishes with (rice, alcoholic beverage, etc.)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

傍

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
Kun: かたわら (katawara, 傍ら, Jōyō)、そば (soba, 傍)、そう (sou, 傍う)

Compounds

海(かい)馬(ば)傍(ぼう)回(かい) (kaibabōkai, “parahippocampal gyrus”)
近(きん)傍(ぼう) (kinbō, “vicinity, proximity”)
傍(ぼう)観(かん) (bōkan, “onlooking, look on”)
傍(ぼう)観(かん)者(しゃ) (bōkansha, “onlooker”)
傍(ぼう)心(しん) (bōshin, “excenter”)
傍(ぼう)若(じゃく)無(ぶ)人(じん) (bōjakubujin, “arrogant, insolent, impudent”)
傍(ぼう)受(じゅ) (bōju, “interception, tapping”)
傍(ぼう)接(せつ)円(えん) (bōsetsuen, “excircle”)
傍(ぼう)線(せん) (bōsen, “(typography) sideline; vertical equivalent of the underline”)
傍(ぼう)点(てん) (bōten, “emphasis point”)
傍(ぼう)尿(にょう)道(どう)腺(せん) (bōnyōdōsen, “Skene's gland”)
路(ろ)傍(ぼう) (robō, “roadside”)
傍(はた)迷(めい)惑(わく) (hata-meiwaku, “nuisance to one's surroundings”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
傍
そば Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 傍 – see the following entry.

【側そば】4	[noun] vicinity, near, beside, side
【側はた】4	[noun] vicinity Alternative spelling 端

(This term, 傍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
傍
かたわら Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 傍 – see the following entry.

【かたわら】

[adverb] in addition, besides, while

[noun] the side of something

[noun] a person nearby

[noun] the area nearby; vicinity

[noun] a remote partially built-up area along a major highway

[noun] in addition to…, while doing…, on the other hand…

Alternative spellings
傍ら, 側ら, 側, 旁, 脇

(This term, 傍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

傍 (eumhun 곁 방 (gyeot bang))

hanja form^? of 방 (“by side of, beside, near, close”)

傍 (eumhun 마지못할 팽 (majimothal paeng))

hanja form^? of 팽 (“compel”)
hanja form^? of 팽 (“rely on, depend on”)

Tày

Noun

傍 (bưởng)

Nôm form of bưởng (“side; piece”).

References

Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[1] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

傍: Hán Nôm readings: bàng, phành, vàng

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