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vel

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "vel"

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin vel (“or”).

Noun

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vel

  1. (logic) The ∨ symbol used to represent the inclusive or, which is a logical connective.[1]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Sainsbury, Mark (2001). Logical Forms — An Introduction to Philosophical Logic. Blackwell Publishing. p. 55.

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Dutch vel, from Middle Dutch vel, from Old Dutch *fel, from Proto-Germanic *fellą, from Proto-Indo-European *pello-, *pelno-.

Noun

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vel (plural velle, diminutive velletjie)

  1. A skin, a hide.
  2. A membrane, e.g. forming on boiling milk.
  3. A sheet (e.g. of paper; incorrectly used for a page).

Etymology 2

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From Dutch vellen, from Middle Dutch vellen, from Old Dutch *fellen, from Proto-Germanic *fallijaną.

Verb

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vel (present vel, present participle vellende, past participle gevel)

  1. (transitive) To fell.
  2. (transitive, of verdicts, opinions) To decide, to pronounce.

Albanian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Albanian *wala, Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, twist”). From the same root of vjell and vjel.

Verb

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vel (aorist vela, participle velur)

  1. to overeat, eat too much
Conjugation
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Standard Albanian conjugation of vel (active voice)

  • Show compound tenses:  

participle velur
gerund duke velur
infinitive për të velur
singular plural
1st pers. 2nd pers. 3rd pers. 1st pers. 2nd pers. 3rd pers.
indicative present vel vel vel velim velni velin
imperfect velja velje velte velnim velnit velnin
aorist vela vele veli velëm velët velën
perfect kam velur ke velur ka velur kemi velur keni velur kanë velur
past perfect kisha velur kishe velur kishte velur kishim velur kishit velur kishin velur
aorist II pata velur pate velur pati velur patëm velur patët velur patën velur
future1 do të vel do të velësh do të velë do të velim do të velni do të velin
future perfect2 do të kem velur do të kesh velur do të ketë velur do të kemi velur do të keni velur do të kenë velur
subjunctive present të vel të velësh të velë të velim të velni të velin
imperfect të velja të velje të velte të velnim të velnit të velnin
perfect të kem velur të kesh velur të ketë velur të kemi velur të keni velur të kenë velur
past perfect të kisha velur të kishe velur të kishte velur të kishim velur të kishit velur të kishin velur
conditional1, 2 imperfect do të velja do të velje do të velte do të velnim do të velnit do të velnin
past perfect do të kisha velur do të kishe velur do të kishte velur do të kishim velur do të kishit velur do të kishin velur
optative present velsha velsh veltë velshim velshit velshin
perfect paça velur paç velur pastë velur paçim velur paçit velur paçin velur
admirative present velkam velke velka velkemi velkeni velkan
imperfect velkësha velkëshe velkësh velkëshim velkëshit velkëshin
perfect paskam velur paske velur paska velur paskemi velur paskeni velur paskan velur
past perfect paskësha velur paskëshe velur paskësh velur paskëshim velur paskëshit velur paskëshin velur
imperative present — vel — — velni —
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Latin vēlum.

Noun

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vel m

  1. veil

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Catalan vel, from Latin vēlum. Compare Occitan vel, French voile, Spanish velo.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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vel m (plural vels)

  1. veil
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References

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Cornish

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Noun

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vel

  1. Soft mutation of mel.

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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vel

  1. second-person singular imperative of velet

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Danish væl, from Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela (“well”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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vel

  1. well
  2. I suppose, maybe
    Der er vel noget sandhed i det.
    I suppose there is some truth in it.

Interjection

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vel

  1. (used as a tag question) is it the case
    Der er ikke slanger, vel?
    There aren't any snakes, are there?
    Du er ikke sur på mig, vel?
    You are not angry with me, are you?

Antonyms

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References

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /vɛl/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: vel
  • Rhymes: -ɛl

Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch vel, from Old Dutch *fel, from Proto-West Germanic *fell, from Proto-Germanic *fellą, from Proto-Indo-European *pello-, *pelno-, whence Latin pellis, Greek πέλλα; cognate with German Fell.

Noun

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vel n (plural vellen, diminutive velletje n)

  1. a skin, a hide
    Haar velletje zat tussen de deur.
    Her skin was caught in the door.
  2. a fur, a pelt
    Tientallen vellen van beren en wolven lagen opeengestapeld.
    Tens of pelts of bears and wolves had been stacked on each other.
  3. a sheet (e.g. of paper; incorrectly used for a page)
    Het glas van een gloeilamp is niet veel dikker dan een vel papier
    The glass of a lightbulb is not much thicker than a sheet of paper.
  4. a membrane, e.g. forming on boiling milk
    Deze saus moet niet te lang koken, anders ontstaan er vellen.
    This sauce shouldn't boil for too long or else membranes will appear.
  5. a rag, a shred
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: vel
  • Jersey Dutch: vääl
  • Negerhollands: vel, fel
  • → Indonesian: pel

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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vel

  1. inflection of vellen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

References

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  • M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
  • Franck, Johannes (1892) Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff

Dutch Low Saxon

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Adverb

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vel

  1. Alternative spelling of veel

Adjective

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vel

  1. Alternative spelling of veel

Fala

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese veer. Compare Portuguese ver and Galician ver.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbel/
  • Rhymes: -el
  • Syllabification: vel

Verb

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vel

  1. to see

Conjugation

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Conjugation of vel (Lagarteiru)
infinitive vel
gerund vendu
past participle masculine feminine
singular vistu vista
plural vistus vistas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative ei tú el/ela nos vos elis/elas
present veu ves ve vemus veis ven
imperfect vía vías vía víamus víis vían
preterite vi viestis
vietis 		víu viemus viestis
vietis 		vieran
future veré verás verá veremus vereis verán
conditional viría virías viría viríamus viríis virían
subjunctive ei tú el/ela nos vos elis/elas
present vea veas vea viamus viais vean
imperfect (ra) viera vieras viera viéramus vieris vieran
imperfect (si) viesi viesis viesi viésimus viesis viesin
imperative — ve — — vei —
Conjugation of vel (Mañegu)
infinitive vel
gerund vendu
past participle masculine feminine
singular vistu vista
plural vistus vistas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative ei tú el/ela nos vos elis/elas
present veu ves ve vemus veis ven
imperfect vía vías vía víamus víis
víais 		vían
preterite vi vistis vi vimus vistis viran
future veré verás verá veremus vereis verán
conditional viría virías viría viríamus viríis
veríais 		virían
subjunctive ei tú el/ela nos vos elis/elas
present vea veas vea veamus veais vean
imperfect (ra) vira viras vira víramus virais viran
imperfect (si) visi visis visi vísimus visis visin
imperative — ve — — vei —
Conjugation of vel (Valverdeñu)
infinitive vel
gerund vendu
past participle masculine feminine
singular vistu vista
plural vistus vistas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative ei tú el/ela nos vos elis/elas
present veu ves ve vemus veis ven
imperfect vía vías vía víamus víais vían
preterite vi vistis víu vimus vistis viran
future veré verás verá veremus vereis verán
conditional vería verías vería veríamus veríais verían
subjunctive ei tú el/ela nos vos elis/elas
present vea veas vea veamus veais vean
imperfect (ra) vira viras vira víramus virais viran
imperfect (si) visi visis visi vísimus visis visin
imperative — ve — — vei —

References

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  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Faroese

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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vel n (genitive singular vels, plural vel)

  1. tail (of a bird)

Declension

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n3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative vel velið vel velini
accusative vel velið vel velini
dative veli velinum velum velunum
genitive vels velsins vela velanna

German Low German

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Adverb

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vel

  1. Alternative spelling of veel

Adjective

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vel

  1. Alternative spelling of veel

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela.

Adverb

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vel (comparative betur, superlative best) (háttaratviksorð (“adverb of manner”))

  1. well
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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vel

  1. inflection of velja:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative singular

Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin vel.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /vɛl/
  • Hyphenation: vel

Conjunction

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vel

  1. (rare) and/or (inclusive "or")
    Ka vu volas manjor vel hamburger vel pizza?
    Do you want to eat a hamburger and/or a pizza?
    • 1914, Félix Mirot, La Langue Auxiliaire, page 90:
      Me certe prenos akompananto: vel mea frato, vel mea kuzo.
      I will certainly bring company: either my sibling and/or my cousin.

Usage notes

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After the adoption of the word by the Akademio in 1913-14, it didn't see much use. Those that actually used the word, didn't seem to use it correctly either. They recommended just using the exclusive for both (i.e. od and o), and by the following year, they proposed to annul the adoption. If they actually officially annulled the word is unknown.

See also

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From earlier *well, from *wels, from *welsi (“you wish”), thus originally the second-person singular present active indicative form of volō (“I will, I wish”). The semantic development may have been helped by the fortuitous similarity to -ve.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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vel

  1. or; and/or
    • 2005, D.J. Krus, Elements of Propositional Calculus:
      In theatro comediae vel tragediae aguntur.
      In theater, comedies or tragedies are played.
  2. even

Derived terms

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Descendants

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See also

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References

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  • “vĕl”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “vel”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “vel”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • 1. VEL in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • 2. VEL in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • vĕl in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,651.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • time assuages the most violent grief: vel maximos luctus vetustate tollit diuturnitas (Fam. 5. 16. 5)
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  • “uel” on page 2,021–2,022 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
  • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “vel”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 1,068/1

Latvian

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Verb

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vel

  1. inflection of velt:
    1. second-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Livonian

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Etymology

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Compare Estonian veel, Latvian vēl (“more, else, yet”). According to Karulis, Latvian vēl is an inherited word cognate with vēls (“late”), thus perhaps an old Baltic borrowing in Finnic languages; this is supported by EES.[1] Its use before jo, juo forming comparatives of adjectives[2] could be a more recent calque, cf., Latvian labāk (“better”) — vēl jo labāk (“the better, even better”).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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ve'l

  1. more, else, yet
    • Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
      mis sa vel äd tō!
      what do you think you're doing!? ~ what else will you come up with! (lit. "what else do you want [to come up with]!")
      alā ajjõ vanā kouv vizzõ, koņtš ūž vel äb ūo vaļmõz
      do not fill up the old well until a new one is not (yet) ready

References

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  1. ^ “veel”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  2. ^ Renāte Blumberga, Tapio Mäkeläinen, Karl Pajusalu (2013), Lībieši: vēsture, valoda un kultūra, Rīga: Līvõ Kultūr sidām, →ISBN

Manx

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Verb

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vel

  1. present dependent form of bee
    Abbyr dy vel eh çheet.
    Let us assume that he is coming.
    As ta'n chooid share jeh nagh vel ee ny ben Vanninagh.
    The beauty of it is that she is not Manx.
    Cha vel breagerey dy ve credjit ga dy vel eh ginsh yn irriney.
    A liar is not to be believed even if he tells the truth.
    Vel oo ayns shoh rish foddey?
    Have you been here long?

Usage notes

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  • Use with cha primarily confined to higher registers.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.

Adverb

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vel

  1. well

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Akin to English well.

Adverb

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vel

  1. well
  2. certainly, probably
    Ja, det er vel rett.
    Yes, that is probably true./Yes, I suppose that is true.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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vel

  1. inflection of velja:
    1. present
    2. imperative

References

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Old High German

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *fell, whence also Old English fell.

Noun

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vel n

  1. A fur.

Descendants

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Old Norse

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *wela (“well”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Cognate with Old English wel, Old Frisian wela, Old Saxon wela, Old High German wola, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 (waila).

Adverb

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vel (comparative betr, superlative bazt)

  1. well
  2. easily
  3. fully, amply, largely

Descendants

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References

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  • “vel”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “vel”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “vel”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • vel in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • time assuages the most violent grief: vel maximos luctus vetustate tollit diuturnitas (Fam. 5. 16. 5)

Piedmontese

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Etymology

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From Latin vēlum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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vel m (plural vej)

  1. veil
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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from Latin vel.

Pronunciation

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Particle

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vel

  1. (with pseudonyms) AKA, alias
    Synonyms: aka, alias

Further reading

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  • vel in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • vel in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic велии (velii), from Proto-Slavic *velьjь.

Adjective

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vel m or f or n (indeclinable)

  1. (dated, historical) great (preceding a medieval rank in Wallachia or Moldavia)

Declension

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invariable singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative-
accusative 		indefinite vel vel vel vel
definite — — — —
genitive-
dative 		indefinite vel vel vel vel
definite — — — —

Further reading

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Volapük

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Volapük cardinal numbers
 <  6 7 8  > 
    Cardinal : vel
    Ordinal : velid

Numeral

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vel

  1. seven

Derived terms

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Yola

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Verb

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vel

  1. Alternative form of vele
    • 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 19:
      A pipere vel bak lik own in a smote,
      The piper fell back like one well smitten,

References

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  • Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133
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