jó
Appearance
See also: Appendix:Variations of "jo"
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Ugric *jomɜ ~ *jamɜ (“good”). Cognates include Northern Mansi ёмас (ëmas, “good, right, nice”)[1][2] and possibly also Erzya ён (jon, “good, right, nice”).
Adjective
[edit]jó (comparative jobb, superlative legjobb)
- good (good for something (can be used for) -ra/-re, good at something -ban/-ben, good for someone (positively affects) -nak/-nek, good to someone [e.g. helping, caring] -hoz/-hez/-höz)
- See synonyms at Thesaurus:jó.
- Antonym: rossz
- (used with ideje/ideig, darab, adag, néhány and some other fixed phrases) quite (some), fair (amount of…), considerable, significant, hefty, sizeable
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | jó | jók |
accusative | jót | jókat |
dative | jónak | jóknak |
instrumental | jóval | jókkal |
causal-final | jóért | jókért |
translative | jóvá | jókká |
terminative | jóig | jókig |
essive-formal | jóként | jókként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | jóban | jókban |
superessive | jón | jókon |
adessive | jónál | jóknál |
illative | jóba | jókba |
sublative | jóra | jókra |
allative | jóhoz | jókhoz |
elative | jóból | jókból |
delative | jóról | jókról |
ablative | jótól | jóktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
jóé | jóké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
jóéi | jókéi |
Derived terms
[edit]Terms derived from the jav- stem variant [see below]
Terms derived from jobb (“better”)
Terms derived from the jó- stem variant
Compound words
- jóakarat → jóakaratú, jóakaró
- jóasszony
- jóárasít
- jóban-rosszban (and other forms of jó-rossz)
- jóbarát
- jóember
- jóérzés → jóérzésű
- jófejség
- jófejű
- jófiú
- jóhangzás
- jóhiszemű → jóhiszeműség
- jóindulat → jóindulatú
- jóisten
- jóízű
- jókedv
- jóképű
- jókívánság
- jókötésű
- jólelkű
- jólét
- jómadár
- jómaga → jómagam
- jómód → jómódú
- jónép
- jópofa
- Jóreménység foka
- jórészben, jórészt
- jószántából
- jószerével
- jószívű
- jószolgálat
- jószomszédi
- jótanács
- jótékony, jótét, jótétemény, jótett, jótevő
- jóvágású
- jóvérű
- jóvoltából
Compound words from inflected forms (several used like prefixes)
Expressions (excluding greetings)
Greetings and good wishes
Noun
[edit]- good thing or person
- Még a jóktól is elvették a javaikat.
- Even the good ones were deprived of their possessions.
- (literally, “Even from the good ones too they took away their goods.”)
- B (an academic grade, better than a C and worse than an A) (Uses only the "jó-" stem, not "jav-".)
- (plural only) goods, possessions, assets (see at javak)
Usage notes
[edit]The 5-point grade system in Hungary:
- jeles (“excellent”) or ötös (“five”), like English A
- jó (“good”) or négyes (“four”), like English B
- közepes (“fair, satisfactory”) or hármas (“three”), like English C
- elégséges (“sufficient”) or kettes (“two”), like English D
- elégtelen (“insufficient”) or egyes (“one”), like English F
Declension
[edit]In the senses “good thing or person” and “B (academic grade)”:
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | jó | jók |
accusative | jót | jókat |
dative | jónak | jóknak |
instrumental | jóval | jókkal |
causal-final | jóért | jókért |
translative | jóvá | jókká |
terminative | jóig | jókig |
essive-formal | jóként | jókként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | jóban | jókban |
superessive | jón | jókon |
adessive | jónál | jóknál |
illative | jóba | jókba |
sublative | jóra | jókra |
allative | jóhoz | jókhoz |
elative | jóból | jókból |
delative | jóról | jókról |
ablative | jótól | jóktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
jóé | jóké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
jóéi | jókéi |
Possessive forms of jó | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | jóm | jóim |
2nd person sing. | jód | jóid |
3rd person sing. | jója | jói |
1st person plural | jónk | jóink |
2nd person plural | jótok | jóitok |
3rd person plural | jójuk | jóik |
In the sense “goods, possessions, assets”:
Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | — | javak |
accusative | — | javakat |
dative | — | javaknak |
instrumental | — | javakkal |
causal-final | — | javakért |
translative | — | javakká |
terminative | — | javakig |
essive-formal | — | javakként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | — | javakban |
superessive | — | javakon |
adessive | — | javaknál |
illative | — | javakba |
sublative | — | javakra |
allative | — | javakhoz |
elative | — | javakból |
delative | — | javakról |
ablative | — | javaktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
— | javaké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
— | javakéi |
Possessive forms of jó | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | — | javaim |
2nd person sing. | — | javaid |
3rd person sing. | — | javai |
1st person plural | — | javaink |
2nd person plural | — | javaitok |
3rd person plural | — | javaik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
Interjection
[edit]jó
Adverb
[edit]jó (not comparable)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Uralic *joke.[3] Cognates include Northern Mansi я̄ (â̄, “river”), Finnish joki (“river”), Estonian jõgi (“river”), Karelian jogi (“river”), Veps jogi (“river”). Replaced by folyó.
Noun
[edit]jó (plural jók)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | jó | jók |
accusative | jót | jókat |
dative | jónak | jóknak |
instrumental | jóval | jókkal |
causal-final | jóért | jókért |
translative | jóvá | jókká |
terminative | jóig | jókig |
essive-formal | jóként | jókként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | jóban | jókban |
superessive | jón | jókon |
adessive | jónál | jóknál |
illative | jóba | jókba |
sublative | jóra | jókra |
allative | jóhoz | jókhoz |
elative | jóból | jókból |
delative | jóról | jókról |
ablative | jótól | jóktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
jóé | jóké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
jóéi | jókéi |
Possessive forms of jó | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | jóm | jóim |
2nd person sing. | jód | jóid |
3rd person sing. | jója | jói |
1st person plural | jónk | jóink |
2nd person plural | jótok | jóitok |
3rd person plural | jójuk | jóik |
References
[edit]- ^ Géza Bárczi, Magyar szófejtő szótár, Trezor Kiadó, 1991, →ISBN
- ^ Starostin's Uralic Database, Entry #1782
- ^ Entry #1760 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ jó in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Entry #186 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
[edit]- jó in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Kpee
[edit]Noun
[edit]jó
References
[edit]- V Vydrin, On the Problem of the Proto-Mande Homeland (JOLR, 2009)
Middle Vietnamese
[edit]Verb
[edit]jó
- Alternative spelling of gió
References
[edit]- Alexandre de Rhodes (1651) “jó”, in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (in Middle Vietnamese, Latin, and Portuguese), Rome: Propaganda Fide
Navajo
[edit]Interjection
[edit]jó
- well, you see, you know, as you know
- Jó, nizhóní! ― Well, that’s nice.
- Jó, ákótʼé. ― that’s the way it is.
Conjunction
[edit]jó
Noone
[edit]Verb
[edit]jó
References
[edit]- R. Blench, Beboid Comparative
Old Norse
[edit]Noun
[edit]jó
Seenku
[edit]Noun
[edit]jó
References
[edit]- V Vydrin, On the Problem of the Proto-Mande Homeland (JOLR, 2009)
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/joː
- Rhymes:Hungarian/joː/1 syllable
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian adjectives
- Hungarian adjectives taking -ra/-re
- Hungarian adjectives taking -ban/-ben
- Hungarian adjectives taking -nak/-nek
- Hungarian adjectives taking -hoz/-hez/-höz
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian nouns with multiple plural forms
- Hungarian pluralia tantum
- Hungarian nouns with alternating stems
- Hungarian interjections
- Hungarian adverbs
- Hungarian uncomparable adverbs
- Hungarian informal terms
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms with obsolete senses
- Hungarian two-letter words
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with adverb and noun etymologies
- Hungarian terms with multiple noun etymologies
- Hungarian terms with interjection and noun etymologies
- Hungarian terms with adjective and noun etymologies
- Kpee lemmas
- Kpee nouns
- Middle Vietnamese lemmas
- Middle Vietnamese verbs
- Navajo lemmas
- Navajo interjections
- Navajo terms with usage examples
- Navajo conjunctions
- Noone lemmas
- Noone verbs
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Seenku lemmas
- Seenku nouns