Appendix:Animals

Taxonomy of the animal kingdom

• See the Wikipedia article on animals

Male and female animals, their young, homes, groups, sounds and related adjectives

Each row of the table below gives specific terms for the male, female, young, home, group, sound and related adjective for a type of animal, where special terms exist.

Male: Terms for the male of the animal. Where specific terms exist for the castrated and uncastrated male, these are given, followed by c and u respectively.

Female: Terms for the female of the animal.

Young: Terms for the young of the animal. Where specific terms exist for the male and female young, these are given, followed by m and f respectively.

Home: Terms for the home of the animal. Those made by the animal itself are followed by a and those made by humans to keep the animal are followed by h.

Group: Terms for a group of animals of this type. Italicised terms are invented collective nouns rarely found outside lists of such terms and are not used by zoologists.

Sound: Terms for the cry of the animal or sounds that the animal makes.

Adjective: Adjectives describing the animal of this type. These include both common English terms (such as wormy), and technical or Latinate terms (such as vermian). Many of the technical terms are collateral adjectives.

Related terms: Alternative names for the animal, including slang terms, terms for animals of various ages, animals who are parents and terms otherwise too specific to feature in other columns.

Terms used for animals in general

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
—	male male + name of animal neuter c	female female + name of animal	baby baby + name of animal	burrow a den a hold a hole a lair a menagerie h terrarium h zoo or zoological gardens h	band (North American: applied to large mammals) flock (applied to small farm animals and to birds) herd (applied to large herbivorous mammals) mob (Australian: applied to large mammals) pack (applied to hunting animals) school		name of animal + (-)like (eg cat-like)	hibernaculum litter

A

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
agouti							dasyproctid dasyproctine
alligator	bull	cow	hatchling		congregation	bellow hiss
amphibian							amphibian
ant			antling (rare)	ant farm h ant-hive a ants' nest a formicarium h formicary a nest a	army colony swarm		formic formicarian formicid	nurse queen soldier worker
ant-eater							myrmecophagous
antelope			kid		herd	snort	antilopine	bok
ape					troop shrewdness		apish simian
ass	jackass jack	jenny-ass jenny she-ass			herd pace	bray hee-haw	asinine	donkey hinny mule

B

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
badger	boar	sow	cub kit kitten	hole a set or sett a	cete	growl	meline
bat				bat tube h			cheiropterous
bear		she-bear sow	bear cub cub		sleuth sloth	growl	bearish ursine
beaver				beavery a/h lodge a
bee	drone	queen (fertile) worker (sterile)	fry schadon (obsolete)	apiary h beehive a/h bike/byke a hive a/h skep h	colony swarm (in flight)	buzz hum	apian	brood nurse worker
beetle			grub				coleopterous
bird	cock cock-bird	hen hen-bird	chick hatchling squab	aviary h bird-cage h bird's nest a hive-nest a nest a nest-box h nesting-box h nesting-place a	bunch (of waterfowl) cloud (in flight) congregation flock plump pod (small flock) string (flock flying in single file)	bird-song call cheep chirp chirrup peep pipe song trill tweet twitter warble	avian avine ornithic volucrine	birdie brood clutch fledgling hatch
bird of prey							raptorial	raptor
bittern					sedge siege	boom
boar See pig below
buffalo					gang			beefalo bison cattalo or catalo
bug							hemipteral hemipteran hemipterous
bulldog		bull-bitch	bull-pup
butterfly			caterpillar				lepidopterous papilionaceous	chrysalis

C

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
camel			calf			bray	cameline	cama
capuchin monkey							cebine
carnivore							carnivorous
carp							cyprine
cat	tom tomcat gib c	queen (breeding)	kitten kit kitty		clowder (obsolete) kindle (of kittens; obsolete)	caterwaul meow mew miaow miaul purr waul	catty feline kittenish (of a kitten)	moggy puss pussy pussy-cat
chaffinch						pink
chicken	cock rooster capon c	hen	chick	battery h chicken run h coop h hen-house h pen h run h	brood (of young) clatch/cletch/clutch flock peep (obsolete)	cackle chuck cluck cock-a-doodle-doo crow pule	gallinaceous galline	clutch cockerel pullet
chough					clattering (obsolete)
civet							viverrine
cockroach								roach
cod							gadoid gadine
coot					covert (obsolete)
cow See ox below
crab	cock	hen	crablet crabling	crabbery	cast		cancrine crabbish crablike
crane					sedge siege	clang
crane-fly							tipulid
cricket						chirp churr	crickety
crocodile							crocodilian
crow					murder	caw	corvine
crustacean			nauplius (larva)				crustacean

D

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
deer	buck stag	doe hind	fawn calf		herd rangale (obsolete)	bell troat	cervine rucervine (swamp deer)	hart knobber pricket royal spade spayard spayart spay spitter
dinosaur							dinosaurian	dino
dog	dog	bitch	pup puppy whelp	den a kennel h doghouse h	pack	bark bay bow-wow growl howl snarl whimper whine woof yap yelp yip yowl	canine doggish	bow-wow brach cur doggie or doggy hound mutt pooch team wolfdog
dolphin			calf	dolphinarium h	pod school	click	cetacean	wolphin
dove			dove-bird (obsolete) doveling	columbarium dovecot or dovecote h dovehouse h	dole (obsolete, fanciful) flight	coo	columbine dovish (mainly in political sense)
duck	drake	duck	duckling		badling (obsolete) plump raft (on water) sord (of mallards; obsolete) team (flying in a line)	quack	anatine

E

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
eagle		eagle hen	eaglet	eyrie or eyry or aerie or aery a		squawk	aquiline
earthworm (see also worm below)	n/a: earthworms are hermaphrodite	n/a: earthworms are hermaphrodite					lumbricine
echidna			puggle
eel			leptocephalus (larva) elver					eelfare
elephant	bull	cow	calf		herd	trumpet	elephantine
elk					gang		alcine

F

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
falcon	tiercel	formel/hen	eyass/eyas				falconine
ferret	buck hob hob-ferret	gill jill	kit		business fesnyng
finch					charm chirm (obsolete)
fish			fry hatchling spawn	aquarium h fish-pond h fish tank h vivarium h vivary h	brood (of young - obsolete) school shoal		fishy ichthyic piscine	milter
flea							pulicine
fly			maggot		swarm		dipteran dipterous muscid
flycatcher							muscicapine
flying fox							pteropine
fowl (domestic)	cock	hen	chick	coop h cote h fowl-run h pen h run h	flock		gallinaceous galline
fox	dog dog-fox tod	vixen fox bitch foxess	cub fox cub kit	burrow a earth a fox burrow a fox-earth a hole a kennel a lair a	skulk	bark yap yelp	foxy vulpecular vulpine vulpinary vulpinous
frog			froglet frogling polliwog (dialect term for tadpole) tadpole (larva)	froggery a ranarium h	froggery army	croak	froggy ranarian (nonce word) ranid	frog spawn

G

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
gadfly							tabanid
game								brace
gerbil	buck	doe	pup	gerbilarium h
gerfalcon	tercel jerkin
giraffe	bull	cow	calf				giraffine	camelopard
gnat						trumpet
goat	billy-goat buck buck-goat he-goat	nanny-goat nanny she-goat	goatling kid kidling yeanling		trip (dialect or obsolete)	bleat	caprine goatish goaty hircine	geep
goose	gander	goose	gosling		flock gaggle (on water) skein (in flight)	cackle clang hiss honk	anserine goosy
gorilla					band			silverback
grasshopper						pitter	acridian
greyhound								sapling
grouse					covey pack		tetraonid tetraonine
guinea-fowl	guinea-cock	guinea-hen	keet
gull			mollyhawk (Larus dominicanus; New Zealand term)				laridine

H

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
hare	buck jack hare	doe	leveret	form	huske (obsolete) down (obsolete) trip (dialect or obsolete)		leporine
hawk	tercel tiercel tercelet tiercelet			hawkery h (nonce word) mew h	cast kettle		falconine	eyas sore
hedgehog			hedgehoglet hoglet kitten		array drift		erinaceous
herbivore							herbivorous
heron				heronry h	siege
herring							clupean (nonce word)
hippopotamus	bull	cow	calf		bloat		hippopotamian hippopotamic hippopotamine	hippo
hornet				bike/byke a nest a
horse	entire u stallion u gelding c	mare	colt m foal hogget filly f	haras h mews h stable h stall h stud h	rag (of colts; obsolete) stable (from one stable) string (for breeding in captivity) stud (for breeding in captivity)	neigh whinny nicker	equine caballine horsy	dam gee-gee hinny mule sire zebrule
house fly			larva maggot		swarm		muscid
human being	man	woman	child boy m girl f	domicile home house residence	group gang band		hominid human
hyena			cub	den	clan cackle	laugh	hyenic hyenine hyenish
hyrax							hyracine

I

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
iguana							ignuanian iguanid
insect			grub larva nymph pupa	insectarium h insectary h	brood (of young) cloud (in flight) swarm		insectan	bug chrysalis creepy-crawly imago pseudimago pupa subimago

J

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
jackdaw								daw
jay						chatter	garruline

K

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
kangaroo	boomer buck jack	doe flyer jill	joey		court mob (Australian) troop	chortle	macropine	roo
kite						pule	milvine
koala								Australian bear koala bear native bear

L

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
lapwing					desert
lark					bevy exaltation
leech							hirudinal (obsolete)
lemming							microtine
lemur							lemurian
leopard		leopardess			leap or lepe (both obsolete)
limpet							patelline
lion		lioness	cub lion cub lionet		pride	growl roar	leonine lionish	liger tigon
lizard							lacertian lacertine saurian
llama								cama
lobster	cock	hen					homarine	lobsterish
locust						chirp	acridian locustal locustian locustical
louse			nit				pedicular pediculine

M

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
mackerel							scombroid
magpie						chatter	garruline	mag pie
mammal							mammalian
marsupial							marsupial
marten							musteline
mink			kit
mite							acarian acarid acaridan acarine
moa							dinornithine
mole					labour (obsolete)		moley talpine
mollusc							molluscan molluscous
mongoose			cub kit		band pack
monitor							varanian varanid	monitor lizard
mosquito			wriggler (larva)			trumpet
moth			caterpillar				lepidopterous
moth (clothes moth)							tineid
mouse				mouse-hole a mousery a nest a		peep squeak	mousy murine
mule								hinny zebrule
mullet							mugiloid
muskrat			kit
mussel							mytiloid

N

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
nightingale					watch

O

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
octopus							octopean octopian octopic octopine
orca			calf		gam pod school shoal			grampus killer whale
oryx							orygine
osprey							pandionine	fish eagle fish hawk
ostrich	cock	hen	hatchling chick				struthioid struthionine struthious
otter	dog	bitch (rare)	cub	couch a holt a lodge a			lutrine
owl			owlet	owlery	parliament	hoot screech tu-whit tu-whoo	owlish owly strigine
ox	bull u steer c ox c bullock c	cow	calf stirk bull-calf m cow-calf f heifer f	barn (US) h boose h byre h corral h cowhouse h cowshed h cow-stable h cow-stall h crib h cub h hemel/hemmel h kraal h pen h stall h	bunch (US) herd drove mob (Australian)	bellow (bull) low moo roar (bull)	bovine taurine m	beefalo cattabu cattalo or catalo cattle dam dzo or zo freemartin steerling team
oyster			brood oysterling spat	hive h			ostraceous ostracean ostreaceous oysterous oystery

P

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
pachyderm							pachydermatous
palm-cat							paradoxurine
panther		pantheress	cub				pantherine
parrot			chick			squawk	parroty psittacine
partridge					covey		perdicine
peafowl	peacock	peahen	peachick		muster		pavonine
penguin			chick	rookery a penguinery a/h	penguinry		penguinesque penguinish penguinlike
perch							percine
percher							passerine
phalanger							phalangistine
pheasant				eye (obsolete) a nide a nye (dialect) a pheasantry h			phasianine	brace
pig	boar u hog c	sow	hogget piglet pigling shoat m gilt f	cote h pen h pig-cote h pigpen h pigsty h sty h	herd pig-herd sounder	oink grunt squeal	aprine (of wild boar; obsolete) piggy porcine suidian suilline suine (nonce word)	farrow piggy porker swine
pigeon			piper squab	pigeon-cote pigeon-house pigeon-loft loft	kit	coo	peristeronic
plover					congregation (obsolete)
polecat			kit					fitchet or fitchew foumart
polyp							polypine
porcupine							hystricine
porpoise			calf		school		cetacean
Portuguese man-of-war							physalian
primate							primatal
puffin			puffling
python							pythonine

Q

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
quail					bevy

R

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
rabbit	buck	doe	kitten	burrow a cony-garth a hutch h rabbit-hole a rabbitry h rabbit-warren a warren a	fluffle	squeak	leporine rabbitish rabbity	bunny bunny rabbit coney or cony
raccoon						trill
rail							ralline
rat			kitten puppy	nest a rat-cage h rat-hole a rattery h			rattish ratty
rattlesnake							crotaline	rattler (US)
raven				ravenry a/h	unkindness	croak	corvine
reindeer	see deer above	see deer above	see deer above	see deer above	see deer above	see deer above	rangiferine	see deer above
reptile				reptilarium h reptiliary h reptillery h			reptilian
rhinoceros			calf		crash		rhinocerotic
robin	cock cock-robin	hen						redbreast
rodent				nest a			rodential rodentian glirine
roe deer	roebuck	roe-doe	see deer above	see deer above	bevy	see deer above	see deer above	roe
rook			squab		clamour
ruff		ree reeve

S

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
saki							pithecian
salmon	cock	hen	samlet				salmonoid	brandling grilse parr peal samlet skegger smolt
scorpion							scorpionid
seal	bull	cow	calf puppy	rookery a seal rookery a	pod		phocine
sea-urchin							echinal
sheep	buck u (US) ram u tup u wether c	ewe	lamb hogg yeanling	cot or cote h fold h pen h sheepfold h sheepcote h sheep-pen h	drove flock herd trip (dialect or obsolete)	baa bleat	ovine sheepy	cade chilver gilter thrinter
shrew							soricine
skink							scincoid
slug							limaceous limacine limacoid
snail				snailery h			limaceous snaily
snake				ophidarium h ophidiarium h serpentarium h snake-house h snakery h	brood (of young)	hiss	anguine ophidian serpentine	serpent
snipe					wisp
songbird						song	oniscine oscine
sparrow	cock cock-sparrow	hen			colony
sparrowhawk	musket (obsolete)
spider				cobweb a spider's web a web a			arachnidan araneidan	spiderling
squirrel			kitten	dray or drey a			sciurine squirrelly	skug
starling					chattering murmuration		sturnine
stork					mustering
swallow					flight		hirundine
swan	cob	pen	cygnet	swannery h	bank bevy game herd lamentation		cycnean cygnean swanny

T

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
tapeworm							taenioid
tarsier							tarsioid
teal					spring (archaic)
termite				termitarium a termitary a			termitic termitine
thrush			thrushling				turdine
tick							see mite
tiger		tigress	cub tiger cub			growl	tigerish tigerly tigery tigrine	liger tigon
tit							parine	titmouse
toad							toady
torpedo							torpedinoid
tortoise							chelonian testudinal testudinate testudinian
turkey	tom turkey-cock	turkey-hen	turkey-chick chick			gobble
turtle			turtlet				chelonian

U, V

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
viper							viperine viperish	adder
vole							microtine
vulture							vulturine

W

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
wasp				bike/byke a nest a vespiary a			vespine waspish
whale	bull	cow	calf	whalery h	mob (Shetland dialect) pod school	sing	cetacean whalish
wigeon					company trip
wolf	dog	bitch she-wolf	cub wolf cub wolfling		pack wolf pack	bark bay howl	lupine wolfish wolfy	wolfdog
wombat			cub				marsupial
woodcock					fall (obsolete)
woodlouse							oniscoid
woodpecker							picine
worm				wormery h worm farm h			vermian wormy	vermiform

X, Y, Z

Animal	Male	Female	Young	Home	Group	Sound	Adjective	Related terms
yak								dzo or zo
zebra		mare			herd zeal	neigh whinny nicker	zebrine	zebrinny zebroid zebrule zeedonk zeehorse zetland zonkey zony zorse
zho	zobo	zhomo

Terms to be checked

The terms below have not yet been verified. They will be researched at some point and added to the table if they are confirmed to be correct.

Not found in the Oxford English Dictionary (second edition, 1989) nor in onelook as of November 2006:

• mongoose: herpestine
• skunk: mephitine

See also

• List of collective terms for animals compiled by the Oxford English Dictionary
• List of adjectives for animals
• Animal Group Names
• w:List of animal names, list on Wikipedia
• w:List of animal sounds, list on Wikipedia