pupa

See also: Pupa, púpa, pupă, and pupą

Translingual

Etymology

From New Latin, from Latin pūpa.

Noun

pupa

1. Used as a specific epithet; resembling an insect in its pupal stage of development.

Derived terms

• Braniella pupa
• Cerithiopsis pupa
• Cochlodinium pupa
• Echinorhynchus pupa
• Ehrenbergina pupa
• Gigantopora pupa
• hirtipupa
• Horologica pupa
• Leptopilos pupa
• Lernanthropus pupa
• Megalospora pupa
• Meganthribus pupa
• Micrathena pupa
• Palaina pupa
• pictipupa
• Pseudomyrmex pupa
• Puperita pupa
• Thomisops pupa
• Travisia pupa

Related terms

• Pupa

English

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin, from a special use of Latin pūpa (“little girl; doll, puppet”). Doublet of pupe; compare also puppet, puppy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpjuːpə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːpə

Noun

pupa (plural pupas or pupae or pupæ)

2. (entomology) An insect in the development stage between larva and adult.

   Synonym: pupe

   • 1959 April 21, Walt Kelly, Pogo: The Complete Syndicated Comic Strips, Seattle, Wash.: Fantagraphics Books, published 2011, →ISBN, page 34:

     The public is the pupae of the purposely purblind […]

Hyponyms

• chrysalis
• tumbler

Related terms

• puparium
• pupate

Translations

insect

• Albanian: krizalidë f
• Arabic: خَادِرَة f (ḵādira), شَرْنَقَة (ar) f (šarnaqa)
• Armenian: հարսնյակ (hy) (harsnyak)
• Belarusian: ку́калка f (kúkalka), ля́лечка f (ljálječka)
• Bengali: পিউপা (piupa)
• Bulgarian: какавида f (kakavida)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 蛹 (zh) (yǒng)

• Crimean Tatar: qozalaq
• Czech: kukla (cs) f
• Danish: puppe c
• Dutch: pop (nl) f
• Esperanto: pupo (eo)
• Estonian: nukk
• Finnish: kotelo (fi)
• French: chrysalide (fr) f, nymphe (fr) f
• Georgian: ჭუპრი (č̣uṗri)
• German: Puppe (de) f
• Greek: χρυσαλλίδα (el) f (chrysallída)
• Hebrew: גֹּלֶם / גולם (he) m (gólem)
• Hindi: प्यूपा m (pyūpā)
• Hungarian: báb (hu)
• Icelandic: púpa (is) f
• Indonesian: kepompong (id)
• Italian: pupa (it) f
• Japanese: 蛹 (ja) (さなぎ, sanagi)
• Korean: 번데기 (beondegi)
• Kyrgyz: куурчакча (kuurcakca)
• Latvian: kūniņa f
• Lithuanian: lėliukė f
• Malay: pupa
• Maori: tūngoungou
• Mongolian: авгалдай (mn) (avgaldaj)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: puppe

• Persian: شفیره (fa) (šafire)
• Polish: poczwarka (pl) f
• Portuguese: pupa (pt) f
• Romanian: pupă (ro) f
• Russian: ку́колка (ru) f (kúkolka), хризали́да (ru) f (xrizalída)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: куку̀љица f, лу̏тка f

  Roman: kukùljica (sh) f, lȕtka (sh) f

• Slovak: kukla f
• Slovene: buba (sl) f
• Spanish: crisálida (es) f
• Swedish: puppa (sv) c
• Tagalog: tilas
• Thai: ดักแด้ (th) (dàk-dɛ̂ɛ)
• Turkish: krizalit (tr), pupa (tr), kavırçak (tr)
• Ukrainian: ля́лечка f (ljálečka)
• Uzbek: gʻumbak (uz)
• Vietnamese: nhộng (vi) (蛹 (vi))

See also

• caterpillar

References

• pupa on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish popa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpupa/ [ˈpu.pɐ]
• Hyphenation: pu‧pa

Noun

pupa (Badlit spelling ᜉᜓᜉ)

1. (nautical) the stern; the rear part of a ship or vessel

   Synonym: ulin

   Antonyms: dulong, prowa

Related terms

• apupa

Indonesian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin pūpa. Doublet of pop and popi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpu.pa]
• Hyphenation: pu‧pa

Noun

pupa (plural pupa-pupa)

1. pupa.

Further reading

• “pupa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Noun

pupa (plural pupas)

1. girl

   Synonym: puera

2. doll
3. pupa (of an insect)

Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin, from a special use of Latin pūpa.

Noun

pupa m (genitive singular pupa, nominative plural pupaí)

1. (zoology) pupa

   Synonym: criosalaid

Declension

Declension of pupa (fourth declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative pupa pupaí vocative a phupa a phupaí genitive pupa pupaí dative pupa pupaí forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an pupa na pupaí genitive an phupa na bpupaí dative leis an bpupa don phupa leis na pupaí

Derived terms

• pupach (“pupal”, adjective)
• pupaigh (“pupate”, intransitive verb)
• pupalann f (“puparium”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of pupa

radical	lenition	eclipsis
pupa	phupa	bpupa

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “pupa”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “pupa”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “pupa”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pūpa. Doublet of poppa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.pa/
• Rhymes: -upa
• Hyphenation: pù‧pa

Noun

pupa f (plural pupe)

1. doll (child's toy)
2. pupa

Latin

Alternative forms

• puppa

Etymology

By surface analysis, the feminine gender form of pūpus. However, de Vaan considers the feminine form as original; see pūpus for more.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpuː.pa/, [ˈpuːpä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpu.pa/, [ˈpuːpä]

Noun

pūpa f (genitive pūpae); first declension

1. girl, little girl

   Synonyms: puella, puellula

2. doll, puppet
3. (New Latin) pupa (of an insect)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	pūpa	pūpae
genitive	pūpae	pūpārum
dative	pūpae	pūpīs
accusative	pūpam	pūpās
ablative	pūpā	pūpīs
vocative	pūpa	pūpae

Derived terms

• pūpilla
• pūpula

Descendants

• Albanian: pupë (possibly)
• Aromanian: pupã
• Catalan: popa
• → Catalan: pupa
• → Danish: puppe
• → Dutch: pop
• → English: pupa
• Esperanto: pupo
• → French: pupe
• French: poupée, poupin
• → German: Puppe
• → Icelandic: púpa
• → Italian: pupa
• Italian: poppa
• Old French: poupette
  • → English: puppet, poppet
• → Portuguese: pupa
• → Romanian: pupă
• Romanian: păpușă
• → Spanish: pupa

Further reading

• “pupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pupa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “pupa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “pupa”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Latvian

pupas

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

pupa f (4th declension)

1. bean (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Declension

Declension of pupa (4th declension)

	singular	plural
nominative	pupa	pupas
genitive	pupas	pupu
dative	pupai	pupām
accusative	pupu	pupas
instrumental	pupu	pupām
locative	pupā	pupās
vocative	pupa	pupas

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

pupa m sg

1. genitive singular of pups

Lithuanian

Etymology

Cognate with Latvian pupa (“bean”), from a sound-symbolic root Baltic root (see also Latvian paupt (“to swell”)) of seemingly similar formation logic to Proto-Slavic *bòbъ (“bean”).

Noun

pupà f (plural pùpos) stress pattern 2

1. bean, legume

Declension

Declension of pupà

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	pupà	pùpos
genitive (kilmininkas)	pùpos	pùpų
dative (naudininkas)	pùpai	pùpoms
accusative (galininkas)	pùpą	pupàs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	pupà	pùpomis
locative (vietininkas)	pùpoje	pùpose
vocative (šauksmininkas)	pùpa	pùpos

Derived terms

• pupẽlė

Maltese

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian pupa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpuː.pa/

Noun

pupa f (plural pupi)

1. doll (child's toy)

Related terms

• pupazz
• pupu

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.pa/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -upa
• Syllabification: pu‧pa

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from German Popo. According to Pokorny, cognate with Latin puppis (possibly) and Ancient Greek πύματος (púmatos, “the last”), from a common Proto-Indo-European *pu (“turned away”) << *h₂epó (“away, off”).

Noun

pupa f (diminutive pupcia or pupka)

1. (anatomy, euphemistic, somewhat childish) bum, rear, buttocks

   Synonyms: dupa, pośladki, siedzenie, tyłek, zadek

Declension

Declension of pupa

	singular	plural
nominative	pupa	pupy
genitive	pupy	pup
dative	pupie	pupom
accusative	pupę	pupy
instrumental	pupą	pupami
locative	pupie	pupach
vocative	pupo	pupy

Derived terms

(noun):

• pupina

(verbs):

• upupiać impf
• upupić pf

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin pūpa.

Noun

pupa f

1. (obsolete) doll, puppet

   Synonyms: kukła, lalka, (obsolete) łątka

Further reading

• pupa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• pupa in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin pupa, from special use of Latin pūpa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.pɐ/

• Hyphenation: pu‧pa

Noun

pupa f (plural pupas)

1. pupa (insect in its development stage between a larva and an adult)

Romanian

Etymology 1

From a Vulgar Latin *puppāre, from puppa (“breast, teat, nipple”), from Latin pūpa; or perhaps formed from a hypothetical, now lost noun *pupă in early Romanian, from this Latin word. Compare Italian poppare (“to suckle”), poppa (“boob, breast”), Catalan and Occitan popar (“to suckle”), popa (“boob, breast”). Less likely from or linked to pup (“bud”). Cognate with Albanian puth (“to kiss”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puˈpa/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: pu‧pa

Verb

a pupa (third-person singular present pupă, past participle pupat) 1st conjugation

1. (transitive or reciprocal, informal) to kiss

   Synonym: (literary or formal) săruta

2. (reciprocal, figurative, colloquial) to match, to coincide, make for a good fit
3. (transitive, chiefly in the negative, figurative, colloquial) to obtain or stay in possession of something desired

   Nu mai pupi tu mașină.

   You can kiss your car goodbye.

   Cu notele astea, nu pupă el bursă.

   With his grades, a scholarship is out of the question.

Conjugation

    conjugation of pupa (first conjugation, no infix)

infinitive			a pupa
gerund			pupând
past participle			pupat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	pup	pupi	pupă	pupăm	pupați	pupă
	imperfect	pupam	pupai	pupa	pupam	pupați	pupau
	simple perfect	pupai	pupași	pupă	puparăm	puparăți	pupară
	pluperfect	pupasem	pupaseși	pupase	pupaserăm	pupaserăți	pupaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să pup	să pupi	să pupe	să pupăm	să pupați	să pupe
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		pupă			pupați
	negative		nu pupa			nu pupați

Derived terms

• pupa în bot
• pupa în cur
• pupăcios

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.pa/
• Rhymes: -upa
• Hyphenation: pu‧pa

Noun

pupa

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of pupă (“stern”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.pa/
• Rhymes: -upa
• Hyphenation: pu‧pa

Noun

pupa

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of pupă (“pupa”)

References

• pupa in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

pupa (Cyrillic spelling пупа)

1. genitive singular of pup

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpupa/ [ˈpu.pa]
• Rhymes: -upa
• Syllabification: pu‧pa

Etymology 1

Borrowed from New Latin pupa, from special use of Latin pūpa.

Noun

pupa f (plural pupas)

1. pupa

Etymology 2

Noun

pupa f (plural pupas)

1. bump, especially a cold sore
2. (childish) boo-boo (pain)

Further reading

• “pupa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

pupa class IX (plural pupa class X)

1. haste, impatience

Yoruba

Etymology

Compare with Ifè kpikpa, probably from a reduplication of pa (“to be red”), which follows the general pattern of the other basic color roots, which involve a duplication of monosyllabic verbs. See dúdú (“black”), a reduplication of dú (“to be dark”) and funfun, a reduplication of fun (“to be white”). Proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *-kpa

Perhaps related to Fon kpákpá (“a tree with red wood”), proposed by Westerman to be derived from Proto-Volta-Congo *pia

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k͡pū.k͡pā/

Noun

pupa

1. red; that which is red

Synonyms

Yoruba Varieties and Languages - pupa (“red”)
view map; edit data
Language Family	Variety Group	Variety/Language	Subdialect	Location	Words
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY	Southeast Yoruba	Eastern Àkókó	Ọ̀bà	Ọ̀bà Àkókó	pupa
		Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè)		Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè)	pupa
		Ìjẹ̀bú	Ìjẹ̀bú	Ìjẹ̀bú Òde	pupa
				Àgọ́ Ìwòyè	pupa
				Ìjẹ̀bú Igbó	pupa
			Rẹ́mọ	Ẹ̀pẹ́	pupa
				Ìkẹ́nnẹ́	pupa
				Ìkòròdú	pupa
				Òde Rẹ́mọ	pupa
				Ṣágámù	pupa
		Ifọ́n		Ifọ́n	pupa
		Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀)		Òkìtìpupa	pupa
		Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ)		Mahin	pupa
				Òde Ùgbò	pupa
				Òde Etíkàn	pupa
		Oǹdó		Oǹdó	pupa
		Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀)		Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀)	pupa
	Ìtsẹkírì			Ìwẹrẹ	dídẹ̀n
	Olùkùmi			Ugbódù	kpúkpán
Proto-Yoruba	Central Yoruba	Èkìtì	Èkìtì	Àdó Èkìtì	pụpa
				Òdè Èkìtì	pụpa
				Òmùò Èkìtì	pụpa
				Awó Èkìtì	pụpa
				Ìfàkì Èkìtì	pụpa
			Àkúrẹ́	Àkúrẹ́	pụpa
		Òkè Igbó		Òkè Igbó	pupa
		Western Àkókó		Ọ̀gbàgì Àkókó	pupa
	Northwest Yoruba	Àwórì		Èbúté Mẹ́tà	pupa
				Ìgbẹsà	pupa
				Ọ̀tà	pupa
				Agége	pupa
				Ìlogbò Erémi	pupa
		Ẹ̀gbá		Abẹ́òkúta	pupa
		Èkó		Èkó	pupa
		Ìbàdàn		Ìbàdàn	pupa
		Ìbàràpá		Igbó Òrà	pupa
		Ìbọ̀lọ́		Òṣogbo (Òsogbo)	pupa
		Ìgbómìnà		Ìlá Ọ̀ràngún	pupa
		Ìlọrin		Ìlọrin	pupa
		Oǹkó		Òtù	pupa
				Ìwéré Ilé	pupa
				Òkèhò	pupa
				Ìsẹ́yìn	pupa
				Ṣakí	pupa
				Tedé	pupa
				Ìgbẹ́tì	pupa
		Ọ̀yọ́		Ọ̀yọ́	pupa
				Ògbómọ̀ṣọ́ (Ògbómọ̀sọ́)	pupa
				Ìkirè	pupa
				Ìwó	pupa
		Standard Yorùbá		Nàìjíríà	pupa
				Bɛ̀nɛ̀	kpukpa
	Northeast Yoruba/Okun	Owé		Kabba	pupa
	Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba	Ana		Sokode	kpikpa
		Cábɛ̀ɛ́		Cábɛ̀ɛ́ (Ìdàdú)	kpukpa
				Tchaourou	kpukpa
		Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà)		Baàtɛ	kpukpa
				Pira	kpukpa
				Agoua	kpukpa
				Gouka	kpukpa
		Ìdàácà	Benin	Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀)	kpikpa
				Gbómìnà (Glazwé)	kpikpa
		Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè	Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè	Ìkpòbɛ́	kpukpa
			Kétu/Ànàgó	Kétu	kpukpa
		Ifɛ̀		Akpáré	kpikpa
				Atakpamɛ	kpikpa
				Boko	kpikpa
				Est-Mono	kpikpa
				Moretan	kpikpa
				Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti)	kpikpa
		Kura		Awotébi	kpokpá
				Partago	kpokpɛ̃
		Mɔ̄kɔ́lé		Kandi	nkpa
		Northern Nago		Kambole	kukpã
				Manigri	kpukpã
		Southern Nago		Ìsakété	kpukpa
				Ìfànyìn	kpukpa
Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo.

Verb

pupa

1. to be red; to become red

   Synonyms: pọ́n, rẹ̀ dòdò

2. to be light in color, usually in regard to skin tone

Usage notes

• As one of the three basic colors of Yoruba, the others being dúdú, funfun, the color "pupa" serves as a general class for many bright or warm colors including yellow, orange, and pink.

Derived terms

• pupa ojú-ẹni (“someone's anger 'the red of their eye'”)
• pupa pupa
• pupa rúsúrúsú (“pink or yellow”)
• pupa-ẹyin (“yolk”)
• pupabẹ̀lẹ̀jẹ̀ (“crimson”)

See also

Colors in Yoruba · àwọn àwọ̀ (layout · text)

funfun	àwọ̀ eérú	dúdú
pupa; àwọ̀ pípọ́n dòdò	àwọ̀ òrom̀bó, àwọ̀ olómi ọsàn; àwọ̀ igi, àwọ̀ ilẹ̀	àwọ̀ ìyeyè
	àwọ̀ ewé
	àwọ̀ aró rẹ́súrẹ́sú	àwọ̀ ọ̀run, àwọ̀ aró, búlúù
àwọ̀ búlúù rẹ́súrẹ́sú; àwọ̀ aró	àwọ̀ elésè àlùkò, èsè	àwọ̀ pupa rẹ́súrẹ́sú, àwọ̀ osùn