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-id

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "id"

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Variant of -oid.

Suffix

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-id

  1. (not productive except in zoology) of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.
    Synonyms: -al, -an, -ite, -ar, -ese, -ic, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y
    ‎Europe + ‎-id → ‎Europid
    ‎negro + ‎-id → ‎negrid

Etymology 2

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From Middle French -ide (like also English -ide), French -ide, and their sources, Latin -id-, -is and Ancient Greek -ῐδ- (-id-), -ῐς (-is).

Suffix

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-id

  1. (botany) Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources.
  2. (astronomy) Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.
    The Perseid meteor shower's radiant is in the constellation of Perseus.
  3. (zoology) Forming common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.
    A felid is a member of Felidae.
  4. (dentistry, paleontology) Forming names of dental features found in lower (mandibular) teeth.
    ‎protocone (“cusp of an upper molar”) + ‎-id → ‎protoconid (“equivalent for lower molars”)
  5. (history) Forming the names of certain dynasties, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning "descendant(s) of".
    Solomon → Solomonid, Umayya → Umayyad, Idris → Idrisid, Genghis Khan → Genghisid, Ismail Safavi → Safavid

See also

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English terms suffixed with -id

Anagrams

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Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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-i (possessive plural) +‎ -d (second-person singular personal suffix)

Suffix

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-id

  1. (possessive suffix) your ... -s (second-person singular informal, multiple possessions)
    ‎kapu (“gate”) + ‎-id → ‎a kapuid (“your gates”)
    ‎palota (“palace”) + ‎-id → ‎a palotáid (“your palaces”)
    ‎érme (“coin”) + ‎-id → ‎az érméid (“your coins”)
Usage notes
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  • (possessive suffix) Variants:
    -id is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -aid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -eid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -jaid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
    -jeid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
Declension
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For back vowel words:

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative -id —
accusative -idat —
dative -idnak —
instrumental -iddal —
causal-final -idért —
translative -iddá —
terminative -idig —
essive-formal -idként —
essive-modal -idul —
inessive -idban —
superessive -idon —
adessive -idnál —
illative -idba —
sublative -idra —
allative -idhoz —
elative -idból —
delative -idról —
ablative -idtól —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		-idé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		-idéi —

For front vowel words:

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative -id —
accusative -idet —
dative -idnek —
instrumental -iddel —
causal-final -idért —
translative -iddé —
terminative -idig —
essive-formal -idként —
essive-modal -idül —
inessive -idben —
superessive -iden —
adessive -idnél —
illative -idbe —
sublative -idre —
allative -idhez —
elative -idből —
delative -idről —
ablative -idtől —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		-idé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		-idéi —

Etymology 2

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Suffix

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-id

  1. (chemistry) -ide (indicating a binary compound)
Derived terms
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Hungarian nouns suffixed with -id

See also

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Manx

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Etymology

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From Old Irish -id, from Proto-Celtic *-īti from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.

Suffix

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-id m

  2. Agent suffix
    ‎slane (“whole, entire”) + ‎-id → ‎slanid (“entirety, totality”)

Derived terms

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Manx terms suffixed with -id

Northern Sami

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Etymology

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From Proto-Samic *-jtē, originally the partitive/ablative plural form. Cognate with the Finnish partitive plural -ja, -ia, -ita.

The genitive plural originally had the ending -i, from Proto-Samic *-j. It was eliminated in favour of the accusative ending by analogy with the singular, where these cases fell together naturally.

Pronunciation

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  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈ-it/

Suffix

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-id

  1. The ending of the accusative and genitive plural.

Usage notes

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  • This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Ojibwe

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Suffix

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-id

  1. A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta)

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *-yatis, an Insular extension of *-atis, itself an extension of the abstract suffix Proto-Indo-European *-tis extracted from laryngeal-final roots.[1]

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-id m

  1. Forms a noun of agency.
    from verb or verbal noun
    ‎serc (“love”) + ‎-id → ‎sercaid (“lover”)
    from noun
    ‎mucc (“pig”) + ‎-id → ‎muccaid (“swineherd”)
    ‎ainmm (“name”) + ‎-id → ‎ainmmnid (“nominative case”) = "namer"

Usage notes

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  • This suffix forms i-stem nouns.

Inflection

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Masculine i-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative -id -idL -idiH
Vocative -id -idL -idiH
Accusative -idN -idL -idiH
Genitive -edoH, -edaH -edoH, -edaH -ideN
Dative -idL -idib -idib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Old Irish terms suffixed with -id

Descendants

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  • Irish: -aí
  • Manx: -id

References

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  1. ^ McCone, Kim (1995) “OIr. Senchae, Senchaid and Preliminaries on Agent Noun Formation in Celtic”, in Ériu‎[1], volume 46, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved 1 March 2023, pages 1–10

Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /it/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -it
  • Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
  • Homophones: id, Id

Suffix

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-id m

  1. -ide
    ‎amoniak + ‎-id → ‎amid

Declension

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Declension of -id
singular plural
nominative -id -idy
genitive -idu -idów
dative -idowi -idom
accusative -id -idy
instrumental -idem -idami
locative -idzie -idach
vocative -idzie -idy

Derived terms

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Polish terms suffixed with -id

Further reading

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  • -id in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

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Etymology

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From Latin -īte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of fourth conjugation verbs).

Suffix

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-id

  1. used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -ir verbs
    ‎venir (“to come”) + ‎-id → ‎¡Venid! (“Come!”)

Volapük

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Suffix

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-id

  1. Forms an ordinal number (adjective) from a cardinal number.

Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Suffix

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-id

  1. forming abstract nouns, -ness, -ment
    ‎cadarn (“strong, robust, sturdy”) + ‎-id → ‎cadernid (“strength, robustness, sturdiness”)
    ‎rhydd (“free”) + ‎-id → ‎rhyddid (“freedom”)
Usage notes
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-i causes i-affection of internal vowels.

Etymology 2

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Suffix

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-id

  1. (literary) verb suffix for the impersonal imperfect/conditional
Usage notes
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-id causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, ‎canu (“to sing”) + ‎-id → ‎cenid (“was being sung, one was singing, would sing, one would sing”).

Derived terms
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Welsh terms suffixed with -id
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