舐

舐	U+8210, 舐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8210

Translingual

Han character

舐 (Kangxi radical 135, 舌+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹口竹女心 (HRHVP), four-corner 2264₀, composition ⿰舌氏)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1007, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30283
Dae Jaweon: page 1464, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2943, character 7
Unihan data for U+8210

Chinese

trad.		舐
simp. ^#		舐
alternative forms		舓𦧇奶 Cantonese vernacular 𦧺／𫇘 Cantonese vernacular

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (氏) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
氏	skeŋ, kje, *ɡjeʔ
衹	kje, ɡe
紙	*kjeʔ
帋	*kjeʔ
扺	*kjeʔ
坁	*kjeʔ
汦	kjeʔ, tjil
忯	ɡje, ɡe
眂	ɡje, ɡils
舐	*ɦljeʔ
芪	*ɡe
祇	*ɡe
疧	*ɡe
軝	*ɡe
蚔	*ɡe

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljeʔ) : semantic 舌 + phonetic 氏 (OC *skeŋ, *kje, *ɡjeʔ).

The glyphs recorded in Shuowen are 舓 (shì) (with phonetic 易 (OC *leːɡs, *leɡ)) and 𦧇 (with phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ)).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak (“to lick; tongue”). The Cantonese vernacular reading laai² preserves the Old Chinese initial *l-.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saai⁵ / saai² / saai³ / si⁵ / si⁶ / laai²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): sai⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sê

(Meixian, Guangdong): sai¹ / si⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chī / chǐ / chīⁿ / chǐⁿ / sī / sǐ

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Yale: shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - Palladius: ши (ši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: saai⁵ / saai² / saai³ / si⁵ / si⁶ / laai²
  - Yale: sáaih / sáai / saai / síh / sih / láai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saai⁵ / saai² / saai³ / si⁵ / si⁶ / laai²
  - Guangdong Romanization: sai⁵ / sai² / sai³ / xi⁵ / xi⁶ / lai²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːi̯¹³/, /saːi̯³⁵/, /saːi̯³³/, /siː¹³/, /siː²²/, /laːi̯³⁵/

Note:

saai5, saai2, saai3 (rare), si5 (rare), si6 (rare) - literary;
laai2 - vernacular.

(Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: sai⁴
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai²¹/

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sê
  - Hakka Romanization System: se^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: se¹
  - Sinological IPA: /se²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sai¹ / si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /saɪ⁴⁴/, /sz̩⁵³/

Note:

Meixian:
- sai1 - vernacular;
- si4 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen, Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chī
  - Tâi-lô: tsī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ci
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /t͡si²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǐ
  - Tâi-lô: tsǐ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si²²/
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡si³³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsīnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cvi
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /t͡sĩ³³/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǐⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsǐnn
  - IPA (Lukang): /t͡sĩ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /si²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐ
  - Tâi-lô: sǐ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /si²²/

Note:

chī/chǐ/chīⁿ/chǐⁿ - vernacular;
sī/sǐ - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zi⁶
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsĭ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³⁵/

Middle Chinese: zyeX

Rime
Character	舐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	船 (27)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	神帋切
Baxter	zyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʑiᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʑiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʑjɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʑiə̆^X/
Li Rong	/d͡ʑie^X/
Wang Li	/d͡ʑǐe^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡ʑʰie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.leʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɦljeʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	舐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ zye^X ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.leʔ/
English	lick
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	舐
Reading #	1/1
No.	11524
Phonetic component	氏
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	舓
Old Chinese	/*ɦljeʔ/
Notes	俗舓字見莊子

Definitions

舐

to lick; to lap; to stroke with the tongue

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 舔 (“to lick”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		舐
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		舔
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	舔
	Taiwan	舔
	Singapore	舔
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	舔
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	舔
	Xi'an	舔
	Xining	舔
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	舔
	Wuhan	舔
	Guilin	舔
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	舔
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	舔
Cantonese	Guangzhou	𦧺, 舔, 舐
	Hong Kong	𦧺, 舔
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	舔, 𦧺
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	舔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	𦧺
	Taishan	舐, 舔
	Dongguan	舐
	Yangjiang	舐, 舔
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	𦧺
	Singapore (Guangfu)	𦧺
Gan	Nanchang	舔
Hakka	Meixian	舐
	Xingning	舐
	Huidong (Daling)	舐
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	舐
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	舐
	Changting	舐
	Wuping	舐
	Wuping (Pingyu)	舐
	Liancheng	舐
	Ninghua	舐
	Ruijin	舐
	Shicheng	舐
	Shangyou (Shexi)	舐
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	舐
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	舐
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	舐
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	舐
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	舐
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	㐁
	Hong Kong	舐
	Senai (Huiyang)	舐
Jin	Taiyuan	舔
Jin	Xinzhou	舔涮
Northern Min	Jian'ou	狧
	Songxi	狧
	Zhenghe	狧
	Jianyang	狧
	Wuyishan	狧
	Pucheng (Shibei)	狧
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	𩞨
	Fuzhou (Changle)	𩞨
	Fuqing	𩞨
	Yongtai	𩞨
	Gutian	𩞨
	Fu'an	𩞨
	Ningde	𩞨
	Shouning	𩞨
	Zhouning	𩞨
	Fuding	𩞨
Southern Min	Xiamen	舐
	Quanzhou	舐
	Yongchun	舐
	Zhangzhou	舐, 哴
	Penang (Hokkien)	jilat
	Manila (Hokkien)	舐
	Longyan	舐
	Chaozhou	舐
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	舐
	Haikou	舐
	Tunchang	舐
Wu	Shanghai	舔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	舔
	Suzhou	舔
	Hangzhou	舔
	Ningbo	舔
	Wenzhou	舔, 舐
Xiang	Changsha	舔
Xiang	Shuangfeng	舔

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad.		舐
simp. ^#		舐

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): lim² / lem²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lim² / lem²
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lim² / lem²
  - Guangdong Romanization: lim² / lém²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːm³⁵/, /lɛːm³⁵/

Definitions

舐

(Cantonese) Alternative form of 舔 (“to lick”)

References

(Cantonese) 粵音資料集叢
“舐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

舐

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: じ (ji)
Kan-on: し (shi)
Kun: なめる (nameru, 舐める)、ねぶる (neburu, 舐る)

Korean

Hanja

舐 (eum 지 (ji))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

舐: Hán Việt readings: thỉ, thị, để
舐: Nôm readings: liếm, thỉ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation