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殷

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 慇
殷 U+6BB7, 殷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BB7
← 殶
[U+6BB6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 殸 →
[U+6BB8]

Translingual

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Han character

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殷 (Kangxi radical 79, 殳+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸竹弓水 (HSHNE), four-corner 27247, composition ⿰㐆殳)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 585, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16627
  • Dae Jaweon: page 977, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2156, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6BB7

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 殷

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 殷
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions
Characters in the same phonetic series (殷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
殷 *qrɯːn, *qɯn
慇 *qɯn
溵 *qɯn
磤 *qɯnʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : a pregnant woman (身, now written reversed as 㐆) next to a hand grabbing a hammer or mallet (now written 殳). However, in this character, the hand could be grabbing a needle for acupuncture.

The character is partly unclear, however the original meaning was either referred to pain and medical treatment and/or to "abundance, prosperity" in reference to the swollen abdomen.

Etymology

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Is 殷 (OC *qɯn) related to 鳦 (OC *qriːd, *qrid) & 燕 (OC *qeːns), both meaning "swallow"? Xie / Qi (契), the mythical ancestor of the Shang kings, was conceived after lady Jiandi (簡狄) swallowed the egg of the black bird (玄鳥) (e.g. in Shijing (詩經) - Shang Song (商頌) - Xuan Niao 玄鳥, Shiji (史書) Yin benji (殷本紀), etc. ), identified explicitly as 燕 (Lunheng 論衡, chapters 案書 Anshu & Qiguai 奇怪).”

Pronunciation 1

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Note: irn - Quanzhou.
Note:
  • hng1 - Chaozhou;
  • heng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou.
Rime
Character 殷
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於斤切
Baxter 'j+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɨn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔɨn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɨn/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiən/
Wang
Li 		/ĭən/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 殷 殷 殷
Reading # 2/4 3/4 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yīn yīn yīn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjɨn › ‹ ʔjɨn › ‹ ʔjɨn ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔə[r]/ /*ʔə[r]/ /*ʔər/
English 殷殷 distressed ample, many (dynastic name)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 殷
Reading # 2/2
No. 15232
Phonetic
component 		殷
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		殷
Old
Chinese 		/*qɯn/

Definitions

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殷

  1. (～朝) Late Shang Dynasty
  2. (by extension) (～朝) Alternative name for 商 (shāng, “Shang Dynasty”).
  3. abundant; rich
    殷實／殷实  ―  yīnshí  ―  well-off
  4. (literary) large; flourishing
  5. (literary) many; numerous
  6. (of emotions) deep
  7. a surname
See also
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Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name Time period Divisions
Xia
夏 (～朝, ～代) 		2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
商 (～朝, ～代)
殷 (～朝, ～代) 		1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
周 (～朝, ～代) 		1046 – 256 BCE Western Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周 / 东周		 Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國 / 战国
Qin
秦 (～朝, ～代) 		221 – 206 BCE
Han
漢 / 汉 (～朝, ～代) 		206 BCE – 220 C.E. Western Han
西漢 / 西汉
Xin
新 (～朝)
Eastern Han
東漢 / 东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國 / 三国 		220 – 280 C.E. Wei
魏
Shu Han
蜀漢 / 蜀汉
Wu
吳 / 吴
Jin
晉 / 晋 (～朝, ～代) 		265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
西晉 / 西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉 / 东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝 		420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
北朝		 Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏 / 东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊 / 北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝		 Liu Song
劉宋 / 刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊 / 南齐
Liang
梁 (～朝, ～代)
Chen
陳 / 陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui
隋 (～朝, ～代) 		581 – 618 C.E.
Tang
唐 (～朝, ～代) 		618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國 / 五代十国 		907 – 960 C.E.
Liao
遼 / 辽 (～朝, ～代) 		907 – 1125 C.E.
Song
宋 (～朝, ～代) 		960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏 		1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin
金 (～朝, ～代) 		1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao
西遼 / 西辽 		1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan
元 (～朝, ～代) 		1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming
明 (～朝, ～代) 		1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing
清 (～朝, ～代) 		1636 – 1912 C.E.

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Rime
Character 殷
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 山 (73)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 烏閑切
Baxter 'ean
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠɛn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚæn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔəɨn/
Li
Rong 		/ʔɛn/
Wang
Li 		/æn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔăn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		aan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 殷
Reading # 1/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔɛn ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔˁrə[r]/
English dark-red

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 殷
Reading # 1/2
No. 15231
Phonetic
component 		殷
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		黰
Old
Chinese 		/*qrɯːn/

Definitions

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殷

  1. blood red; deep red

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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殷

  1. sound of thunder
  2. to shake; to tremble

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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殷

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
殷
いん
Hyōgai
kan'on

The senses “Shang dynasty” and “prosperous” are from Middle Chinese 殷 (MC 'j+n), corresponding to modern Mandarin yīn and Cantonese jan1. The sense “rumbling” corresponds to modern Mandarin yǐn and Cantonese jan2.

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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殷(いん) • (In) 

  1. (historical) Shang dynasty

Synonyms

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Affix

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殷(いん) • (in) 

  1. (historical) Shang dynasty
  2. prosperous; flourishing
  3. rumbling

References

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  1. ^ “殷”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

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A user suggests that this Korean entry be cleaned up.
Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup(+) or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

Hanja

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殷 (eum 은, 안 (eun, an))

  1. The template Template:ko-hanja form of does not use the parameter(s): 
    mr=ŭn, an

rv=eun, an

y=un, an Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.hanja form? of 은, 안 (“great, many, magnificent, flourishing”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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殷: Hán Nôm readings: ân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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