島

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See also: 岛, 嶋, 嶌, and 嶹
島 U+5CF6, 島
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CF6
← 峵
[U+5CF5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 峷 →
[U+5CF7]

Translingual

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Han character

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島 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹日卜山 (HAYU), four-corner 27727, composition ⿹㇯鳥灬山)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 312, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8108
  • Dae Jaweon: page 612, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 775, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5CF6

Chinese

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trad. 島
simp. 岛
alternative forms
㠀
嶋
嶌
隝
嶹／𫝵
㠀
嶋
嶌
隝
嶹／𫝵
隯／陦
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 島
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (鳥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
島 *tuːwʔ
搗 *taːwʔ
鵃 *rtɯːw, *rtɯːw, *tjiw
瞗 *tɯːw
鳥 *tɯːwʔ
蔦 *tɯːwʔ, *tɯːws
窵 *tɯːws

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːwʔ) : phonetic 鳥 (OC *tɯːwʔ) + semantic 山 (“mountain”).

島

Etymology

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Reminiscent of Mon လ္ကံ (from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tkɔɔʔ), but probably not related (Schuessler, 2007).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 島
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都晧切
Baxter tawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tawX/
Li
Rong 		/tɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/tɑuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/tɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 島
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tawX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁuʔ/
English island

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 島
Reading # 1/1
No. 9507
Phonetic
component 		鳥
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		倒
Old
Chinese 		/*tuːwʔ/

Definitions

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島

  1. island (Classifier: 座 m; 個／个 m c)
    孤島／孤岛  ―  gūdǎo  ―  isolated island
    群島／群岛  ―  qúndǎo  ―  archipelago
    半島／半岛  ―  bàndǎo  ―  peninsula
    海南島／海南岛  ―  Hǎinán Dǎo  ―  Hainan island
  2. a surname: Dao

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 島 (“island”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 島, 島嶼
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 島
Taiwan 島
Chengde 島
Chifeng 島
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 島
Heihe 島, 島子
Qiqihar 島子
Harbin 島
Jiamusi 島
Baicheng 島
Changchun 島子
Tonghua 島
Shenyang 島
Jinzhou 島, 島子
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 島
Tangshan 島, 海島
Cangzhou 島
Baoding 島
Shijiazhuang 島
Lijin 島子
Jinan 島
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 島子
Dandong 島
Yantai 島
Qingdao 島子
Zhucheng 島子
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 島
Jining 島
Linfen 島
Shangqiu 島
Yuanyang 島
Zhengzhou 島
Xinyang 島
Baihe 島
Xi'an 島
Baoji 島
Tianshui 島
Xining 島
Xuzhou 島
Fuyang 島
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 島
Lanzhou 島
Dunhuang 島, 島嶼
Hami 島
Ürümqi 島
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 島子
Nanchong 島
Dazhou 島
Hanyuan 島
Xichang 島子
Zigong 島
Chongqing 島
Wuhan 島
Yichang 島
Xiangyang 島
Tianmen 島, 島子
Guiyang 島
Zunyi 島
Bijie 島
Liping 島
Zhaotong 島
Dali 島
Kunming 島
Mengzi 島
Guilin 島
Liuzhou 島
Jishou 島
Changde 島
Hanzhong 島
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 島
Yangzhou 島
Lianyungang 島
Lianshui 島
Nantong 島
Anqing 島
Wuhu 島
Hefei 島
Hong'an 島
Cantonese Hong Kong 島
Taishan 島
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 島
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 島
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 島
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 島
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 島
Huizhou Shexian 島
Jin Taiyuan 島
Yangyuan 島
Datong 島
Xinzhou 島
Lüliang (Lishi) 島
Changzhi 島
Linhe 島
Jining 島
Hohhot 島
Erenhot 島嶼
Pingshan 島
Zhangjiakou 島
Handan 島
Linzhou 島
Suide 島
Southern Min Penang (Hokkien) 島, 嶼
Wu Shanghai 島
Hangzhou 島

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (島):
  • → Japanese: 島(とう) (tō)
  • → Korean: 도(島) (do)
  • → Vietnamese: đảo (島)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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島

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)←たう (tau, historical)
  • Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)←たう (tau, historical)
  • Kun: しま (shima, 島, Jōyō)

Alternative forms

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Kanji in this term
島
しま
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
嶋
嶌
嶼

Etymology 1

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/sima/ → /ɕima/

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Possibly related to Baekje 斯麻 (*syema, “island”) and Middle Korean 셤 (syem), whence modern Korean 섬 (seom, “island”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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島(しま) • (shima) 

  1. an island (land surrounded by water)
  2. one's domain, territory, turf
  3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Proper noun

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島(しま) • (Shima) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
島
とう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/

From Middle Chinese 島 (MC tawX).

Affix

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島(とう) • (tō) ←たう (tau)?

  1. island
Derived terms
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Derived terms

References

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  1. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎[1], volume 15, number 2 (PDF), John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, pages 222-240.
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 島 (MC tawX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 도ᇢ〯 (Yale: twǒw)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 셤〯 (Yale: syěm) 도〯 (Yale: twǒ)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

島 (eumhun 섬 도 (seom do))

  1. hanja form? of 도 (“island”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

Kunigami

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Kanji

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島

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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島(しまー) (shimā) 

  1. a community
  2. an island

Miyako

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Kanji

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島

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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島(すぃま) (sima) 

  1. a community
  2. an island

Okinawan

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Kanji

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島

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima. Cognate with Japanese 島 (shima).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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島(しま) (shima) 

  1. a community
  2. an island

Derived terms

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Derived terms

Old Japanese

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Etymology

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From Proto-Japonic *sima.

Noun

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島 (sima) (kana しま)

  1. an island
  2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

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Derived terms

Descendants

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  • Japanese: 島 (shima)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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島: Hán Việt readings: đảo (都(đô)老(lão)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
島: Nôm readings: đảo[1][3], láo[5]

  1. chữ Hán form of đảo (“island”).

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. ^ Trần (2004).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bonet (1899).
  4. ^ Génibrel (1898).
  5. ^ Hồ (1976).

Yaeyama

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Kanji

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島

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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島(しぃま) (sïma) 

  1. a community
  2. an island

Yonaguni

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Kanji

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島

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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島(ちま) (chima) 

  1. a community
  2. an island
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