寒露

Chinese

		cold; poor; to tremble	to show; to reveal; to expose to show; to reveal; to expose; dew
trad. (寒露)		寒	露
simp. #(寒露)		寒	露

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): Hánlù

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄨˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): han² nu⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon⁴ lou⁶
• Gan (Wiktionary): 'hon² lu⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Hòn-lu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hon² lu⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): han¹ lou³
• Northern Min (KCR): Uǐng-lū
• Eastern Min (BUC): Hàng-ló
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Hân-lō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guan⁵ lou⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ghoe-lu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): han² lou⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Hánlù
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Hánlù
    • Wade–Giles: Han²-lu⁴
    • Yale: Hán-lù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Harnluh
    • Palladius: Ханьлу (Xanʹlu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän³⁵ lu⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: han² nu⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xanlu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xan²¹ nu²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon⁴ lou⁶
    • Yale: hòhn louh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon⁴ lou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon⁴ lou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn²¹ lou̯²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: 'hon² lu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈhɵn²⁴ lu¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hòn-lu
    • Hakka Romanization System: hon^ˇ lu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hon² lu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hon¹¹ lu⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hon² lu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hɔn¹¹ lu⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: han¹ lou³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /xæ̃¹¹ ləu⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Uǐng-lū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uiŋ²¹ lu⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Hàng-ló
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^(l-)nˡou²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hân-lō͘
    • Tâi-lô: Hân-lōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hanlo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /han²⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /han²⁴⁻²² lɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /han¹³⁻²² lɔ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /han²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²³⁻³³ lɔ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: guan⁵ lou⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuâⁿ lōu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lou¹¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ghoe-lu
    • MiniDict: ghoe^去 lu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhoe-lu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦø²² lu⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: han² lou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xan¹³ ləu̯²¹⁻¹¹/

Proper noun

寒露

1. Hanlu (one of twenty-four solar terms)

   • 夷狄之人貪而好利，被髮左衽，人面獸心。其與中國殊章服，異習俗，飲食不同，言語不通，辟居北垂寒露之野，逐草隨畜，射獵為生，隔以山谷，雍以沙幕，天地所以絕外內也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夷狄之人贪而好利，被发左衽，人面兽心。其与中国殊章服，异习俗，饮食不同，言语不通，辟居北垂寒露之野，逐草随畜，射猎为生，隔以山谷，雍以沙幕，天地所以绝外内也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Yídí zhī rén tān ér hǎolì, bèifà zuǒrèn, rénmiànshòuxīn. Qí yǔ Zhōngguó shū zhāngfú, yì xísú, yǐnshí bùtóng, yányǔ bùtōng, pì jū běichuí hánlù zhī yě, zhú cǎo suí xù, shèliè wèishēng, gé yǐ shāngǔ, yōng yǐ shāmù, tiāndì suǒyǐ jué wàinèi yě. [Pinyin]

     The Yi and the Di people are greedy and desirous of gain; they wear their hair down their backs and fasten their garments on the left; they have human faces but the hearts of wild beasts. Their ceremonial garments differ from those worn in the Central States [of China]; their customs and diet differ from ours; and our languages are mutually unintelligible. They dwell far away, in the cold, on the bare lands of the north, driving their herds in pursuit of pasture, and hunting with the bow and arrow in order to sustain themselves. They are separated from us by mountains and valleys and cut off by the desert. By these means did Heaven and Earth divide inner from outer.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (寒露):

• → Japanese: 寒露(かんろ) (kanro)
• → Korean: 한로(寒露) (hallo)

See also

• 二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
  • Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄／惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
  • Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿／小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
  • Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑／处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
  • Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
寒	露
かん Grade: 3	ろ Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠n̺ɾo̞]

Proper noun

寒(かん)露(ろ) • (Kanro) 

1. Hanlu (one of twenty-four solar terms)

See also

• 二(に)十(じゅう)四(し)節(せっ)気(き) (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
  • Spring: 立(りっ)春(しゅん) (Risshun), 雨(う)水(すい) (Usui), 啓(けい)蟄(ちつ) (Keichitsu), 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (Shunbun), 清(せい)明(めい) (Seimei), 穀(こく)雨(う) (Kokuu)
  • Summer: 立(りっ)夏(か) (Rikka), 小(しょう)満(まん) (Shōman), 芒(ぼう)種(しゅ) (Bōshu), 夏(げ)至(し) (Geshi), 小(しょう)暑(しょ) (Shōsho), 大(たい)暑(しょ) (Taisho)
  • Autumn: 立(りっ)秋(しゅう) (Risshū), 処(しょ)暑(しょ) (Shosho), 白(はく)露(ろ) (Hakuro), 秋(しゅう)分(ぶん) (Shūbun), 寒(かん)露(ろ) (Kanro), 霜(そう)降(こう) (Sōkō)
  • Winter: 立(りっ)冬(とう) (Rittō), 小(しょう)雪(せつ) (Shōsetsu), 大雪(たいせつ) (Taisetsu), 冬(とう)至(じ) (Tōji), 小(しょう)寒(かん) (Shōkan), 大寒(だいかん) (Daikan)