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務

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 务
務 U+52D9, 務
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52D9
← 勘
[U+52D8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勚 →
[U+52DA]

Translingual

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Han character

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務 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹竹水尸 (NHHES) or 弓竹人大尸 (NHOKS), four-corner 18227, composition ⿰矛务)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 148, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2394
  • Dae Jaweon: page 334, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2765, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+52D9

Chinese

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trad. 務
simp. 务
alternative forms 敄

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (矛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
堥 *muː, *mu
蓩 *muːʔ, *moːɡ
猱 *ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us
茅 *mruː
罞 *mruː, *muːŋ
蝥 *mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs
鶜 *mruː
瞀 *moːɡs, *mroːɡ
愗 *moːɡs
袤 *mus
雺 *mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs
懋 *mus
楙 *mus
矛 *mu
蟊 *mu
髳 *mu, *muːŋ
鍪 *mu
鞪 *mu, *moːɡ
糅 *ml'us
腬 *ml'us, *mlju
柔 *mlju
揉 *mju
蹂 *mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus
鍒 *mju
騥 *mju
蝚 *mju
葇 *mju, *mjuʔ
鞣 *mju, *mjus
鰇 *mju
瑈 *mju
鶔 *mju
楺 *mjuʔ
煣 *mjuʔ, *mjus
輮 *mjuʔ, *mjus
韖 *mjuʔ
敄 *moʔ, *mos
務 *moɡs
鶩 *moɡs, *moːɡ
騖 *moɡs
婺 *moɡs
霚 *moɡs, *moːŋ
嵍 *moɡs
霧 *moɡs, *moːŋ
霿 *moːŋ, *moːŋs
楘 *moːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *moɡs) : phonetic 敄 (OC *moʔ, *mos) + semantic 力 (“strength”).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mow (“to work; to move”) (STEDT). Cognate with 懋 (OC *mus, “to strive”), Garo mo (“to move”), Jingpho mu ⪤ ə mu (“work; labor”), Burmese မူ (mu, “to pursue some course of action; to act”), အမှု (a.hmu., “lawsuit”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 務
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 亡遇切
Baxter mjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mɨoH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/mioH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/mioH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/muə̆H/
Li
Rong 		/mioH/
Wang
Li 		/mĭuH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mi̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		mou6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 務
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		wù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mjuH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m(r)o-s/
English exert oneself

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 務
Reading # 1/1
No. 8849
Phonetic
component 		矛
Rime
group 		竇
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		務
Old
Chinese 		/*moɡs/

Definitions

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務

  1. to be engaged in; to be devoted to
    服務／服务  ―  fúwù  ―  service
  2. to seek; to pursue
  3. business; affairs
  4. must; should; be sure to
  5. 26th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "endeavor" (𝌟)
  6. a surname

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (務):
  • → Japanese: 務(む) (mu)
  • → Korean: 무(務) (mu)
  • → Vietnamese: vụ (務)

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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務

  1. (Eastern Min) Alternative form of 有 (“to have”)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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務

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. task, duties

Readings

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Compounds

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Korean

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Hanja

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務 (eumhun 힘쓸 무 (himsseul mu))

  1. hanja form? of 무 (“to be engaged in; to be devoted to”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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務: Hán Việt readings: vụ[1]
務: Nôm readings: mùa[2], múa[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of vụ (“case, affair”).
  2. Nôm form of vụ, mùa (“season”).

References

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  1. ^ Trần (1999).
  2. ^ Trần (2004).
  3. ^ Hồ (1976).
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