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供

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
供 U+4F9B, 供
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F9B
← 侚
[U+4F9A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 侜 →
[U+4F9C]

Translingual

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Han character

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供 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人廿金 (OTC), four-corner 24281, composition ⿰亻共)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 102, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 605
  • Dae Jaweon: page 216, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 144, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+4F9B

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 供
alternative forms 共
龔／龚 to supply

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 供
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
s05738
Transcribed ancient scripts
L00855
L00856
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
港 *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷 *ɡroːŋs
衖 *ɡroːŋs
鬨 *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘 *qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪 *ɡloːŋ
鉷 *ɡloːŋ
谼 *ɡloːŋ
葓 *ɡoːŋ
哄 *ɡloːŋs
蕻 *ɡloːŋs
恭 *kloŋ
供 *kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔 *kloŋ
珙 *kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共 *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸 *kloŋ
拱 *kloŋʔ
拲 *kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱 *kloŋʔ
輁 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼 *ɡloŋ
輂 *kloɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kloŋ, *kloŋs) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • keng - vernacular;
  • kiong - literary.
Rime
Character 供
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 九容切
Baxter kjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kuawŋ/
Li
Rong 		/kioŋ/
Wang
Li 		/kĭwoŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gung1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 供
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gōng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjowng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k<r>oŋ/
English furnish; serve, offer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 供
Reading # 1/2
No. 4167
Phonetic
component 		共
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		恭
Old
Chinese 		/*kloŋ/

Definitions

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供

  1. to supply; to provide for
  2. to provide certain convenience or support
  3. to pay in installments
    供樓／供楼 [Cantonese]  ―  gung1 lau4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to pay a housing mortgage
  4. Alternative form of 恭 (gōng, “to respect”)
  5. a surname

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • gōng - Taiwan standard for “to confess; confession”, and Mainland standard for “to look after”. In actual usage, however, the two pronunciations are often confused.
Note:
  • kiòng - literary;
  • kèng - vernacular.
Note: gêng1 - alternative reading.
Note:
  • 2jion - vernacular;
  • 2kon - literary.
    Rime
    Character 供
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 居用切
    Baxter kjowngH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kɨoŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kioŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kioŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kuawŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kioŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kĭwoŋH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ki̯woŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiòng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gung3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 供
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 4178
    Phonetic
    component         		共
    Rime
    group         		東
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		供
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kloŋs/

    Definitions

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    供

    1. to present incense or offerings before the image of a god or the deceased; to enshrine and worship
    2. offering; tribute; sacrifice
    3. to assume office
    4. to confess; to own up; to make a confession of
      供述  ―  gōngshù  ―  to confess (in an interrogation)
    5. confession; admission; owning up
    6. to look after (one's parents or children etc.); to support
    7. (Hakka) to raise (children or animals); to feed (livestocks)
      供豬仔／供猪仔 [Meixian Hakka]  ―  giung4 zu1 ê3 [Hakka Transliteration Scheme]  ―  to feed pigs
    Synonyms
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    Dialectal synonyms of 餵 (“to feed (an animal)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 餵, 餵食
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 餵
    Singapore 餵
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 餵
    Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 餵
    Xi'an 餵
    Southwestern Mandarin Wuhan 餵
    Guiyang 餵
    Guilin 餵
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 餵
    Cantonese Guangzhou 餼, 餵
    Hong Kong 餵, 餼
    Macau 餵
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 餵
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 餼
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 餼
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 餼
    Foshan 餼
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 餼
    Foshan (Shunde) 餼
    Foshan (Sanshui) 餼
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 餼
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 餵
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 餵
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 餼
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 餼
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 餵
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 餵
    Taishan 餵
    Kaiping (Chikan) 餵
    Enping (Niujiang) 餵
    Heshan (Yayao) 餵
    Dongguan 餼
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 餼
    Hakka Meixian 供
    Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 分
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 供
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 供
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 供
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 供
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 餵
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 餵
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 供, 餵
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 餵
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 供
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 供
    Hong Kong 供
    Northern Min Jian'ou 飼
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 飼
    Southern Min Xiamen 飼
    Quanzhou 飼
    Zhangzhou 飼
    Tainan 飼
    Singapore (Hokkien) 飼
    Manila (Hokkien) 飼
    Shantou 飼
    Wenchang 飼
    Haikou 飼
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 飼
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 餵
    Wu Shanghai 餵
    Jinhua 飼
    Xiang Loudi 餵
    Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to rear (animals)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 飼, 養, 畜
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 養, 餵養, 飼養, 畜養
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 養
    Malaysia 養
    Singapore 養
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 養
    Central Plains Mandarin Xuzhou 餵
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 養
    Cantonese Guangzhou 養
    Hong Kong 養
    Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 養
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 養, 分
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 養
    Taishan 養
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 養
    Singapore (Guangfu) 養
    Gan Nanchang 養
    Lichuan 供
    Pingxiang 養
    Hakka Meixian 養, 畜
    Changting 供
    Wuping 供, 畜
    Liancheng 喂, 供
    Ninghua 供
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 畜, 養
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 畜, 養
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 畜, 養
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 畜, 養
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 畜
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 供
    Hong Kong 養
    Senai (Huiyang) 養
    Huizhou Jixi 供
    Jin Taiyuan 養
    Northern Min Jian'ou 飼
    Songxi 飼
    Zhenghe 飼
    Jianyang 飼
    Wuyishan 飼
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 養, 飼
    Fuzhou (Changle) 養
    Lianjiang 飼
    Fuqing 養
    Pingtan 養, 飼
    Yongtai 養
    Minqing 養, 飼
    Gutian 養, 飼
    Pingnan 飼
    Luoyuan 飼
    Fu'an 飼
    Ningde 飼
    Xiapu 飼
    Zherong 飼
    Shouning 飼
    Zhouning 飼
    Fuding 飼
    Southern Min Xiamen 飼
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 飼
    Quanzhou 飼
    Jinjiang 飼
    Nan'an 飼
    Shishi 飼
    Hui'an 飼
    Anxi 飼
    Yongchun 飼
    Dehua 飼
    Zhangzhou 飼
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 飼
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 飼
    Hua'an 飼
    Nanjing 飼
    Pinghe 飼
    Zhangpu 飼
    Yunxiao 飼
    Zhao'an 飼
    Dongshan 飼
    Taipei 飼
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 飼
    Kaohsiung 飼
    Yilan 飼
    Changhua (Lukang) 飼
    Taichung 飼
    Tainan 飼
    Hsinchu 飼
    Kinmen 飼
    Penghu (Magong) 飼
    Penang (Hokkien) 飼
    Singapore (Hokkien) 飼
    Manila (Hokkien) 飼
    Longyan 飼
    Zhangping 飼
    Datian 飼
    Chaozhou 飼
    Shantou 飼
    Jieyang 飼
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 飼
    Singapore (Teochew) 飼
    Leizhou 飼
    Wenchang 飼
    Haikou 飼
    Puxian Min Putian 飼
    Xianyou 飼
    Central Min Yong'an 供
    Sanming (Sanyuan) 供
    Sanming (Shaxian) 供
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 養
    Wu Shanghai 養
    Danyang 養
    Hangzhou 養

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    供

    (Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. companion
    2. offer

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Kanji in this term
    供
    とも
    Grade: 6
    kun'yomi

    Noun

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    供(とも) • (tomo) 

    1. attendant, servant
    2. companion
    3. entourage

    Derived terms

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    Derived terms

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    供 (eumhun 이바지할 공 (ibajihal gong))

    1. hanja form? of 공 (“contribute, supply, provide”)

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    供: Hán Nôm readings: cung, cúng, củng, cũng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

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    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=供&oldid=81403873"