五常

Chinese

		five	always; ever; often always; ever; often; frequently; common; general; constant
simp. and trad. (五常)		五	常

Wikipedia has an article on:

五常

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔcháng

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ ㄔㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ng⁵ soeng⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ngó͘-siông / gó͘-siông / ngó͘-siâng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔcháng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄔㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔcháng
  - Wade–Giles: wu³-chʻang²
  - Yale: wǔ-cháng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuucharng
  - Palladius: учан (učan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    五常
    武場 / 武场
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ng⁵ soeng⁴
  - Yale: ńgh sèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵ soeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵ sêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³ sœːŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘-siông
  - Tâi-lô: ngóo-siông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngofsioong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gó͘-siông
  - Tâi-lô: góo-siông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gofsioong
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘-siâng
  - Tâi-lô: ngóo-siâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngofsiaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ¹³/

Noun

五常

(Confucianism) the five cardinal Confucian virtues (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence)
- 臣昔居相位，未報國恩；近聞陛下荒淫酒色，道德全無，聽讒逐正，紊亂紀綱，顛倒五常，污衊彝倫，君道有虧，禍亂已伏。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  臣昔居相位，未报国恩；近闻陛下荒淫酒色，道德全无，听谗逐正，紊乱纪纲，颠倒五常，污蔑彝伦，君道有亏，祸乱已伏。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Xu Zhonglin, The Investiture of the Gods, circa 16^th century CE
  Chén xī jū xiàng wèi, wèi bào guó'ēn; jìn wén bìxià huāngyín jiǔsè, dàodé quán wú, tīng chán zhú zhèng, wěnluàn jìgāng, diāndǎo wǔcháng, wūmiè yílún, jūndào yǒu kuī, huòluàn yǐ fú. [Pinyin]
  Though I served as prime minister, I'm ashamed that I failed in my duties. I have recently heard that Your Majesty is indulging in debauchery and licentiousness, abandoning all moral principles. You heed slander while dismissing the virtuous, disrupt the nation's regulations, overturn the fundamental principles of human relations, defile the sacred ethics, and compromise the virtue required of a ruler. The seeds of calamity have already been sown.
- 大學為全國師表，五常之所繫屬。近者外間謠琢紛集，我公必有所聞，即弟亦不無疑信。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  大学为全国师表，五常之所系属。近者外间谣琢纷集，我公必有所闻，即弟亦不无疑信。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: March 18, 1919, Lin Shu, A Public Letter to Mr. Cai Heqing, Principal of Peking University
  Dàxué wéi quánguó shībiǎo, wǔcháng zhī suǒ jìshǔ. Jìn zhě wàijiān yáozhuó fēn jí, wǒ gōng bì yǒusuǒ wén, jí dì yì bùwú yíxìn. [Pinyin]
  The university serves as the model for education and the cornerstone of the five constant virtues within the nation. While recently, rumours have come thick and fast, Your Excellency must also have heard a few of them; even I cannot help but harbour some doubts.

Derived terms

三綱五常 / 三纲五常 (sāngāngwǔcháng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (五常):

→ Japanese: 五常(ごじょう) (gojō)
→ Korean: 오상(五常) (osang)
→ Vietnamese: ngũ thường (五常)

Proper noun

五常

(～市) Wuchang (a county-level city of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)
(～鎮) Wuchang (a town in Wuchang City, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)
(～街道) Wuchang (a subdistrict of Yuhang district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)
P5, the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

五常

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji in this term
五	常
ご Grade: 1	じょう Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ごじょー [gòjóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) ごじょー [góꜜjòò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ʑo̞ː]

Noun

五(ご)常(じょう) • (gojō) ^{←ごじやう (gozyau)^?}

(Confucianism) the five cardinal Confucian virtues: (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 “五常 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

Korean

Hanja in this term
五	常

Noun

五常 • (osang) (hangeul 오상)

hanja form^? of 오상 (“five cardinal Confucian virtues”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
五	常

Noun

五常

chữ Hán form of ngũ thường (“five cardinal Confucian virtues”).

[SMK7-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NKD2-3] 3.0 ^3.1 “五常 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[1]

[2]

[3]