Heilongjiang

See also: Hēilóngjiāng, Heilong Jiang, and Hēilóng Jiāng

English

Alternative forms

• Heilungchiang, Hei-lung-chiang (Wade–Giles)
• Heilungkiang (Postal Romanization)

Etymology

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 黑龍江 / 黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng).

Pronunciation

• enPR: hāʹlo͝ongʹjē-ängʹ, hāʹlo͝ongʹjyängʹ

Proper noun

Heilongjiang

1. A province in northeastern China. Capital: Harbin.
   • 2007 December 24, Shipeng Guo, Benjamin Kang Lim, “China detains farmers urging land privatization”, in Lindsay Beck, Roger Crabb, editors, Reuters‎^[1], archived from the original on 11 March 2023, World News‎^[2]:

     Yu Changwu from the northeastern province of Heilongjiang has urged the ruling Communist Party to honor its “revolutionary ideals and pledges” and hand land back to the farmers.

   • 2020 April 29, “China tries to contain new coronavirus outbreak”, in Deutsche Welle‎^[3], archived from the original on 30 April 2020, Asia‎^[4]:

     A series of new COVID-19 cases in China's far northeastern Heilongjiang province is raising concern that a second wave of the virus could emerge in the Asian country.

   • 2023 November 23, “China renews alerts for cold waves, strong winds”, in EFE‎^[5], archived from the original on 23 November 2023‎^[6]:

     During this period, minimum temperatures in some parts of Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang could fall to below minus 30 degrees Celsius.

2. Alternative form of Heilong Jiang
   • 1981 August 18 [1981 August 11], Nengxiong [3769 5174 7160] Wang, “How Did Czarist Russia Carry Out Its Aggression Against China?”, in Daily Report: China‎^[7], volume I, number 159, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page C 1‎^[8]:

     In 1848, Russian Senior Naval Captain Nevelskoiy and his military transport ship set sail to invade China's Heilongjiang [Amur-river] River estuary and the Sakhalin island. In 1850, Miaojie on the Heilongjiang River estuary was forcibly occupied, turned into a stronghold for aggression and renamed Nikolayevsk after the czar. In April 1853, Czar Nicholas I brazenly ordered the invasion and occupation of China's Sakhalin island.

   • 1982, Bai Shouyi, editor, An Outline History of China‎^[9], 1st edition, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 487:

     More than 7,000 people of Hailanpao and the sixty-four villages east of the Heilongjiang River were murdered, burned to death or drowned in the river.

   • 2005 November 27, David Lague, “China apologizes to Russia for spill”, in The New York Times‎^[10], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 12 March 2023, Asia Pacific‎^[11]:

     The Songhua is a major tributary of the Heilongjiang River, which crosses the border near the Russian city of Khabarovsk.

   • 2019 April 6, Nathan Gibson, “One of China’s smallest ethnic minority groups, the Oroqen, is in danger of disappearing”, in South China Morning Post‎^[12], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on April 6, 2019, Long Reads‎^[13]:

     Hunting was central to Oroqen culture, with kills shared among families. The semi-nomadic people lived along the banks of the Heilongjiang (“black dragon river”), a long, dark, snaking body of water forming the border between northeast China and Russia, in tepee-like structures called djiu, which were built of birch bark.

Translations

province of China

• Arabic: هِيلُونْغْجْيَانْغ m (hilunḡjyānḡ), خِيلُونْغْجْيَانْغ m (ḵilunḡjyānḡ)
• Armenian: Հեյլունցզյան (Heyluncʻzyan)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 黑龍江 / 黑龙江 (hak¹ lung⁴ gong¹; haak¹ lung⁴ gong¹)

  Mandarin: 黑龍江 / 黑龙江 (zh) (Hēilóngjiāng)

• Czech: Chej-lung-ťiang
• Georgian: ხეილუნძიანი (xeilunʒiani)
• Greek: Χεϊλονγκτσιάνγκ (Cheïlongktsiángk)
• Hungarian: Hejlungcsiang (hu)
• Japanese: 黒竜江 (こくりゅうこう, Kokuryūkō)
• Korean: 헤이룽장 (Heirungjang), 흑룡강 (heungnyonggang)
• Latvian: Heilundzjana
• Lithuanian: Heilongdziangas
• Macedonian: Хе́јлунгџианг (Héjlungdžiang)
• Manchu: ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ
  ᡠᠯᠠ (sahaliyan ula)
• Mongolian: Хармөрөн (Xarmörön)
• Russian: Хэйлунцзя́н (ru) m (Xɛjlunczján)
• Thai: เฮยหลงเจียง
• Vietnamese: Hắc Long Giang (vi)
• Xibe: ᠰᡥᠠᠠᠯᡞᠶᠠᠨ
  ᡠᠯᠠ (sahaliyan ula)
• Zhuang: Hwzlungzgyangh

Amur — see Amur

Further reading

• “Heilongjiang”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• Heilongjiang, Heilungkiang, Heilungchiang, Hei-lung-chiang at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.
• “Heilongjiang, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “Heilongjiang”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “Heilongjiang”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “Heilongjiang” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2024.
• Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Heilongjiang”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎^[14], volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1260, column 3