不肯

Chinese

		not; no	to agree; to consent; to be ready (to do something) to agree; to consent; to be ready (to do something); willing
trad. (不肯)		不	肯
simp. #(不肯)		不	肯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bùkěn

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bat¹ hang²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bùkěn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bùkěn
    • Wade–Giles: pu⁴-kʻên³
    • Yale: bù-kěn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bukeen
    • Palladius: букэнь (bukɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵¹ kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bat¹ hang²
    • Yale: bāt háng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bat⁷ hang²
    • Guangdong Romanization: bed¹ heng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐt̚⁵ hɐŋ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: pjuw|pjuwX|pjut khongX

Rime
Character	不	不	不	肯
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)	物 (60)	登 (129)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	I
Fanqie	甫鳩切	方久切	分勿切	苦等切
Baxter	pjuw	pjuwX	pjut	khongX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨu/	/pɨuX/	/pɨut̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/piu/	/piuX/	/piut̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/piəu/	/piəuX/	/piuət̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puw/	/puwX/	/put̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Li Rong	/piu/	/piuX/	/piuət̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Wang Li	/pĭəu/	/pĭəuX/	/pĭuət̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯ə̯u/	/pi̯ə̯uX/	/pi̯uət̚/	/kʰəŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fōu	fǒu	fu	kěng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau1	fau2	fat1	hang2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pə  kʰˤəŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ'  kʰɯːŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	不	肯
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bù	kěn
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuw ›	‹ khongX ›
Old Chinese	/*pə/	/*kʰˁəŋʔ/
English	not	to be willing
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	不	不	不	肯
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
No.	1025	1029	1048	7485
Phonetic component	不	不	不	肯
Rime group	之	之	物	蒸
Rime subdivision	0	0	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	不	缶	弗	肯
Old Chinese	/*pɯ/	/*pɯʔ/	/*pɯ'/	/*kʰɯːŋʔ/
Notes		象花柎與本同源	中古才促化	說文作肎

Verb

不肯

1. to be unwilling to

   他絲毫不肯讓步。 [MSC, trad.]
   他丝毫不肯让步。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā sīháo bùkěn ràngbù. [Pinyin]

   He won't make the slightest concession.

   除了他以外，誰也不肯去。 [MSC, trad.]
   除了他以外，谁也不肯去。 [MSC, simp.]

   Chúle tā yǐwài, shéi yě bùkěn qù. [Pinyin]

   Except for him, nobody else is willing to go.

Synonyms

• (Hokkien, Hakka) 毋肯
• (Eastern Min, Puxian Min) 伓肯