या

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Braj

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Pronoun

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या ()

  1. oblique of यह (yah)
    Synonym: इहिं (ihĩ)

See also

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Hindi

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Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /jɑː/, [jäː]

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Classical Persian یا ().

Conjunction

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या () (Urdu spelling یا)

  1. or
    Synonyms: अथवा (athvā), वा (), कि (ki)
    क्या आपको चाय या कॉफ़ी चाहिए?
    kyā āpko cāy kŏfī cāhie?
    Would you like tea or coffee?
    कौन बड़ा है, सुमित या सुमन?
    kaun baṛā hai, sumit suman?
    Who's bigger, Sumit or Suman?

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Arabic يا ().

Interjection

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या () (Urdu spelling یا)

  1. O (vocative particle)
    Synonyms: (more common) अरे (are), हे (he)
    या ख़ुदा, क्या हो गया है!
    xudā, kyā ho gayā hai!
    O God, what has happened! (Islam)

Nepali

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [jä]
  • Phonetic Devanagari: या

Conjunction

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या ()

  1. or

Newar

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Pronunciation

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Postposition

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या () (Newa Spelling 𑐫𑐵)

  1. marks the genitive case: of, belonging to

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Pronoun

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या f

  1. Devanagari script form of (“who”)

Declension

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Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yaH-, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (to go).

    Root

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    या ()

    1. to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey
    2. to go away, withdraw, retire
    3. to flee, escape
    4. to go towards or against, go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach
    5. to go to a woman for sexual intercourse
    6. to go to for any purpose
    7. to extend to
    8. to last for
    9. to pass away, elapse (said of time)
    10. to vanish, disappear (as wealth)
    11. to come to pass, prosper, succeed
    12. to proceed, behave, act
    13. to find out, discover
    14. to receive or learn (a science) from
    15. to undertake, undergo
    Derived terms
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    Primary Verbal Forms
    Secondary Forms
    Non-Finite Forms
    Derived Nominal Forms
    Prefixed Root Forms

    Noun

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    या () stemf

    1. going
    2. a car
    3. restraining
    4. religious meditation
    5. attaining
    6. pudendum muliebre
    Declension
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    Feminine ā-stem declension of या ()
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative याः
    yāḥ
    यौ / या¹
    yau / yā¹
    याः
    yāḥ
    Vocative याः
    yāḥ
    यौ / या¹
    yau / yā¹
    याः
    yāḥ
    Accusative याम्
    yām
    यौ / या¹
    yau / yā¹
    याः / यः²
    yāḥ / yaḥ²
    Instrumental या
    याभ्याम्
    yābhyām
    याभिः
    yābhiḥ
    Dative ये
    ye
    याभ्याम्
    yābhyām
    याभ्यः
    yābhyaḥ
    Ablative यः
    yaḥ
    याभ्याम्
    yābhyām
    याभ्यः
    yābhyaḥ
    Genitive यः
    yaḥ
    योः
    yoḥ
    यानाम् / याम्²
    yānām / yām²
    Locative यि
    yi
    योः
    yoḥ
    यासु
    yāsu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic
    • ²Perhaps

    Etymology 2

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    From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (to beg, request). Cognate with Tocharian B yāsk- (to beg), Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos, zeal, ardor), Old Irish áilid (wishes strongly, implores). याच् (yāc) is likely an enlargement of the root.

    Root

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    या ()

    1. to go to for any request, implore, solicit
    Derived terms
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    References

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    • Monier Williams (1899) “या”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 838/2, 849/1.
    • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 131
    • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 407-408
    • Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 617-8
    • Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 210