забити

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zabiti. By surface analysis, за- +‎ бити.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zǎbiti/
• Hyphenation: за‧би‧ти

Verb

за̀бити pf (Latin spelling zàbiti)

1. (transitive) to hammer in, pound in, drive in
2. (transitive) to score (a goal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of забити

Infinitive: забити		Present verbal adverb: —		Past verbal adverb: за̀бӣвши		Verbal noun: —
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ја	ти	он / она / оно	ми	ви	они / оне / она
Present		забијем	забијеш	забије	забијемо	забијете	забију
Future	Future I	забит ћу1 забићу	забит ћеш1 забићеш	забит ће1 забиће	забит ћемо1 забићемо	забит ћете1 забићете	забит ће1 забиће
	Future II	бу̏де̄м забио2	бу̏де̄ш забио2	бу̏де̄ забио2	бу̏де̄мо забили2	бу̏де̄те забили2	бу̏дӯ забили2
Past	Perfect	забио сам2	забио си2	забио је2	забили смо2	забили сте2	забили су2
	Pluperfect3	би̏о сам забио2	би̏о си забио2	би̏о је забио2	би́ли смо забили2	би́ли сте забили2	би́ли су забили2
	Aorist	забих	заби	заби	забисмо	забисте	забише
Conditional I		забио бих2	забио би2	забио би2	забили бисмо2	забили бисте2	забили би2
Conditional II4		би̏о бих забио2	би̏о би забио2	би̏о би забио2	би́ли бисмо забили2	би́ли бисте забили2	би́ли би забили2
Imperative		—	забиј	—	забијмо	забијте	—
Active past participle		забио m / забила f / забило n			забили m / забиле f / забила n
Passive past participle		забијен m / забијена f / забијено n			забијени m / забијене f / забијена n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Related terms

• заби́јати impf

Further reading

• “забити”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zabiti. By surface analysis, за- (za-, prefix) +‎ би́ти (býty, imperfective verb). Compare Russian заби́ть (zabítʹ), Belarusian забі́ць (zabícʹ), Polish zabić.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zɐˈbɪte]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪte
• Hyphenation: за‧би‧ти

Verb

заби́ти • (zabýty) pf (imperfective забива́ти)

1. (transitive) to beat in, to drive in, to hammer in, to bang in, to ram in (to insert with blows: nail, post, stake, wedge, etc.)

   Synonym: вби́ти pf (vbýty)

   Я заби́в цвях у стіну́. ― Ja zabýv cvjax u stinú. ― I hammered a nail into the wall.

   заби́ти па́мороки (idiomatic, +dative)

   zabýty pámoroky

   to hoodwink, to snow; to stun; to numb the mind of, to befuddle, to stupefy

2. (transitive, sports) to score, to bang in (:goal)
3. (transitive) to board up, to nail shut, to nail up
4. (transitive, colloquial, sometimes impersonal) to cram, to fill [with instrumental ‘with something’]

   Synonym: запо́внити pf (zapóvnyty)

   заби́ти собі́ го́лову (чи́мось) (idiomatic)

   zabýty sobí hólovu (čýmosʹ)

   to worry one's head (about something); to fill one's head (with something)

5. (transitive, colloquial) to block up, to clog, to clog up, to obstruct, to stop up [with instrumental ‘with something’]
6. (transitive, chiefly perfective) to bang (to hit hard: own body part against something)
7. (transitive) to kill

   Synonym: уби́ти pf (ubýty)

   1. to butcher, to kill, to slaughter (:animal for food)

      заби́ти козла́ (idiomatic) ― zabýty kozlá ― to play dominoes (literally, “to kill the goat”)

8. (transitive, perfective only, board games, card games) to take (:piece, card, etc.)
9. (transitive, colloquial) to beat back, to stifle (:feeling, sound, etc.)
10. (transitive, colloquial) to beat out, to put out, to stamp out (to extinguish: fire)
11. (intransitive, third person only, colloquial, of rain, wind) to force its way in (through cracks, gaps, etc.)
12. (perfective only) to start beating, to start pounding
13. (slang) to stop caring [with на (na, + accusative) ‘about what’]

    Я не мо́жу заби́ти на те́бе. ― Ja ne móžu zabýty na tébe. ― I cannot stop caring about you.

    Він заби́в на шко́лу й пішо́в до а́рмії ― Vin zabýv na škólu j pišóv do ármiji ― He stopped caring about school and went to the military.

    Я на все́ заби́в. ― Ja na vsé zabýv. ― I stopped caring about everything.

Conjugation

Conjugation of заби́ти, заби́ть (class 11b, perfective, transitive)

For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.

perfective aspect
infinitive	заби́ти, заби́ть zabýty, zabýtʹ
participles	present tense	past tense
active	—	—
passive	—	заби́тий zabýtyj impersonal: заби́то zabýto
adverbial	—	заби́вши zabývšy
	present tense	future tense
1st singular я	—	заб'ю́ zabʺjú
2nd singular ти	—	заб'є́ш zabʺjéš
3rd singular він / вона / воно	—	заб'є́ zabʺjé
1st plural ми	—	заб'є́м, заб'ємо́ zabʺjém, zabʺjemó
2nd plural ви	—	заб'єте́ zabʺjeté
3rd plural вони	—	заб'ю́ть zabʺjútʹ
imperative	singular	plural
first-person	—	заби́ймо zabýjmo
second-person	заби́й zabýj	заби́йте zabýjte
past tense	singular	plural ми / ви / вони
masculine я / ти / він	заби́в zabýv	заби́ли zabýly
feminine я / ти / вона	заби́ла zabýla
neuter воно	заби́ло zabýlo

Derived terms

• заби́тися pf (zabýtysja)
• забиття́ n (zabyttjá)
• забі́й m (zabíj)

 

idioms

• заби́ти ба́ки pf (zabýty báky)
• заби́ти па́мороки pf (zabýty pámoroky)

 

References

• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2014), “забити”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (з – зв'я́нути), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN, page 32
• Kondratiuk, T. M. (2006) “забити”, in Словник сучасного українського сленгу [Dictionary of Modern Ukrainian Slang] (in Ukrainian), Kharkiv: Folio, →ISBN
• “забити”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1972), “забити”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (З), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 21
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “забити”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “забити”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “забити”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• “забити”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)