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無論

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 无论

Chinese

[edit]
not have
to talk (about); to discuss; theory
to talk (about); to discuss; theory; by the; per; the Analects (of Confucius)
 
trad. (無論)
simp. (无论)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/3 3/3
Initial () (4) (37) (37)
Final () (24) (55) (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed Closed
Division () III I I
Fanqie
Baxter mju lwon lwonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɨo/ /luən/ /luənH/
Pan
Wuyun
/mio/ /luon/ /luonH/
Shao
Rongfen
/mio/ /luən/ /luənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/muə̆/ /lwən/ /lwənH/
Li
Rong
/mio/ /luən/ /luənH/
Wang
Li
/mĭu/ /luən/ /luənH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/mi̯u/ /luən/ /luənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
lún lùn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mou4 leon4 leon6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
lún lùn
Middle
Chinese
‹ mju › ‹ lwon › ‹ lwonH ›
Old
Chinese
/*ma/ /*[r]ˁu[n]/ /*[r]ˁu[n]-s/
English volitional prefix discuss, examine discussion, discourse

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/3 3/3
No. 13117 8656 8667
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ma/ /*ruːns/ /*run/

Conjunction

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無論

  1. no matter (what, how, etc.); regardless of; whether
    無論中國菜還是日本料理自助餐喜歡 [MSC, trad.]
    无论中国菜还是日本料理自助餐喜欢 [MSC, simp.]
    Wúlùn nǐ xiǎng chī Zhōngguócài háishì Rìběn liàolǐ, zìzhùcān dōu huì yǒu nǐ xǐhuān de. [Pinyin]
    Whether you want Chinese or Japanese food, the buffet will have what you like.
    無論何時何地只要困難任何疑問歡迎隨時聯繫 [MSC, trad.]
    无论何时何地只要困难任何疑问欢迎随时联系 [MSC, simp.]
    Wúlùn héshí hédì, zhǐyào nǐ yǒu kùnnan huò yǒu rènhé yíwèn, dōu huānyíng suíshí liánxì wǒ. [Pinyin]
    No matter when or where you have any difficulties or questions, please feel free to contact me.
  2. let alone; not to mention; much less

Synonyms

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  • (no matter):
  • (let alone):

Derived terms

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Verb

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無論

  1. (literary) to not investigate

Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
ろん
Grade: 6
goon

Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 無論 (MC mju lwonH, literally “without discussion, no argument”). Compare modern Hakka mò-lun or Cantonese mou4 leon6.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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()(ろん) (muron

  1. no doubt, naturally, of course, it goes without saying
    無論(むろん)こんな馬鹿(ばか)ことありえない
    Muron konna baka na koto wa arienai.
    It goes without saying that this kind of idiotic thing simply cannot be.

Noun

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()(ろん) (muron

  1. something that is clearly the case
    あれ無論(むろん)です
    Are wa muron desu ne.
    That is clearly the case.

Usage notes

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More commonly used as an adverb.

References

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  1. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN