武德

Chinese

		martial	ethics
simp. and trad. (武德)		武	德

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wǔdé

  (Zhuyin): ㄨˇ ㄉㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁵ dak¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bú-tek

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wǔdé
    • Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄉㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wǔdé
    • Wade–Giles: wu³-tê²
    • Yale: wǔ-dé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuuder
    • Palladius: удэ (udɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 五德 武德 舞德

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁵ dak¹
    • Yale: móuh dāk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁵ dak⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁵ deg¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯¹³ tɐk̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bú-tek
    • Tâi-lô: bú-tik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bw'deg
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: mjuX tok

Rime
Character	武	德
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	德 (131)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	文甫切	多則切
Baxter	mjuX	tok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨoX/	/tək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/mioX/	/tək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mioX/	/tək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muə̆X/	/tək̚/
Li Rong	/mioX/	/tək̚/
Wang Li	/mĭuX/	/tək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯uX/	/tək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǔ	de
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou5	dak1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m(r)aʔ  tˤək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*maʔ  tɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	武	德
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wǔ	dé
Middle Chinese	‹ mjuX ›	‹ tok ›
Old Chinese	/*m(r)aʔ/	/*tˁək/
English	military	virtue
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	武	德
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13184	17266
Phonetic component	武	直
Rime group	魚	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	武	德
Old Chinese	/*maʔ/	/*tɯːɡ/

Noun

武德

1. ethics of martial arts

   • 登之罘，刻石。其辭曰：「[…]皇帝哀眾，遂發討師，奮揚武德。[…]」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     登之罘，刻石。其辞曰：「[…]皇帝哀众，遂发讨师，奋扬武德。[…]」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Dēng Zhīfú, kèshí. Qí cí yuē: “[…] huángdì āi zhòng, suì fā tǎoshī, fènyáng wǔdé. […]” [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 這閃電五連鞭，不講武德啊！我勸你耗子尾汁！ [MSC, trad.]
     这闪电五连鞭，不讲武德啊！我劝你耗子尾汁！ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2020 November 29, 《“闪电五连鞭”“不讲武德”“耗子尾汁”爆红网络 马保国出圈一场扭曲的网络狂欢》, in 《南国都市报》, page 15

     Zhè shǎndiàn wǔliánbiān, bù jiǎng wǔdé a! Wǒ quàn nǐ hàoziwěizhī! [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 數百年　戰袂煞　我輩武德 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     数百年　战袂煞　我辈武德 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 閃靈《暮沉武德殿》

     sò͘ pah nî, chiàn bē soah, ngó͘-pòe bú-tek [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     For hundreds of years, war rages on; we are Bu-tik

Derived terms

• 武德殿

 

Proper noun

武德

1. era name of Emperor Gaozu of Tang (618—626)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (武德):

• → Japanese: 武(ぶ)徳(とく) (butoku)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
武	德
ぶ Grade: 5	とく Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 武德 – see the following entry.

【武徳ぶとく】 [noun] ethics of martial arts

(This term, 武德, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)