後悔

See also: 后悔

Chinese

		back; behind; rear back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later	regret
trad. (後悔)		後	悔
simp. (后悔)		后	悔

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): hòuhuǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄡˋ ㄏㄨㄟˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хухуэй (huhuey, III-II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): hau⁶ fui³
Gan (Wiktionary): heu⁵ fii³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): heu-fí / heu-fî
Jin (Wiktionary): hou³ hui²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hō͘-hóe / hiǒ-hóe / hiō-hóe / āu-hóe

(Teochew, Peng'im): ao⁶ huê³
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hou⁵ fei³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hòuhuǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ ㄏㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hòuhuěi
  - Wade–Giles: hou⁴-hui³
  - Yale: hòu-hwěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: howhoei
  - Palladius: хоухуэй (xouxuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xoʊ̯⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хухуэй (huhuey, III-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xou⁴⁴ xuɛi⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hau⁶ fui³
  - Yale: hauh fui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hau⁶ fui³
  - Guangdong Romanization: heo⁶ fui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐu̯²² fuːi̯³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: heu⁵ fii³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɛu¹¹ fɨi²¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: heu-fí
  - Hakka Romanization System: heu fi^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: heu⁴ fi³
  - Sinological IPA: /heu̯⁵⁵ fi³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: heu-fí / heu-fî
  - Hakka Romanization System: heu fi^ˋ / heu fi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: heu⁴ fi³ / heu⁴ fi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /heu̯⁵⁵ fi³¹/, /heu̯⁵⁵ fi²⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hou³ hui²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xəu⁴⁵ xuei⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-hóe
  - Tâi-lô: hōo-hué
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoxhoea
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ³³⁻¹¹ hue⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³⁻²¹ hue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²⁻²¹ hue⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiǒ-hóe
  - Tâi-lô: hiǒ-hué
  - IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /hio³³⁻²² hue⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hio²² hue⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiō-hóe
  - Tâi-lô: hiō-hué
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hioixhoea
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɤ³³⁻²¹ hue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Singapore): /hio²²⁻²¹ hue⁴²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hio³³⁻¹¹ hue⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: āu-hóe
  - Tâi-lô: āu-hué
  - Phofsit Daibuun: auxhoea
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /au²²⁻²¹ hue⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ao⁶ huê³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ău huè
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /au³⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: hou⁵ fei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xəu̯²¹⁻¹¹ ɸe̞i̯⁴¹/

Verb

後悔

to regret
要是現在不努力的話，將來會後悔的。 [MSC, trad.]
要是现在不努力的话，将来会后悔的。 [MSC, simp.]
Yàoshi xiànzài bù nǔlì dehuà, jiānglái huì hòuhuǐ de. [Pinyin]
If you don't work hard now you'll regret it later on.

她很後悔當初沒有學好英語。 [MSC, trad.]
她很后悔当初没有学好英语。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā hěn hòuhuǐ dāngchū méiyǒu xuéhǎo Yīngyǔ. [Pinyin]
She regrets not learning English well from the outset.

Synonyms

edit

嗟悔 (jiēhuǐ) (literary, to sigh in regret)
悔 (huǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
懊恨 (àohèn) (literary)
懊悔 (àohuǐ) (literary)
追悔 (zhuīhuǐ)
遺憾／遗憾 (yíhàn)

Dialectal synonyms of 後悔 (“to regret”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		後悔, 懊悔
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	後悔
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	後悔
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	後悔
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	後悔
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	後悔
	Wanrong	悔, 後悔
	Xi'an	後悔
	Xining	後悔
	Xuzhou	後悔
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	失悔, 打失悔, 後悔
	Wuhan	失悔
	Liuzhou	拍大腿
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	後悔
	Yangzhou	懊悔
	Hefei	懊悔
Cantonese	Guangzhou	後悔
	Hong Kong	後悔
	Dongguan	後悔
	Yangjiang	疏, 後悔
Gan	Nanchang	後悔, 悔
Hakka	Meixian	後悔
	Yudu	倒悔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	後悔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	後悔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	後悔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	後悔
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	後悔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	後悔
Huizhou	Jixi	後悔
Jin	Taiyuan	後悔
Jin	Xinzhou	發悔
Northern Min	Jian'ou	悔氣
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	退悔
Southern Min	Xiamen	後悔, 反悔
	Quanzhou	後悔
	Zhangzhou	後悔
	Manila (Hokkien)	後悔, 反悔
	Chaozhou	後悔
	Jieyang	想往
	Leizhou	怨悔
Wu	Shanghai	懊憦
	Shanghai (Chongming)	懊憦
	Suzhou	懊憦, 懊門痛
	Danyang	懊憦
	Hangzhou	悔
	Wenzhou	悔, 打悔心, 後悔
Xiang	Changsha	後悔, 失悔
Xiang	Shuangfeng	悔想

Derived terms

後悔莫及／后悔莫及 (hòuhuǐmòjí)
後悔藥／后悔药 (hòuhuǐyào)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
後	悔
こう Grade: 2	かい Grade: S
kan'on

Alternative spelling
後悔 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーかい [kóꜜòkàì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːka̠i]

Noun

後(こう)悔(かい) • (kōkai) ^{←こうくわい (koukwai)^?}

regret
Synonym: 悔い (kui)

後(こう)悔(かい)のない人(じん)生(せい)
kōkai no nai jinsei
life without regret

Derived terms

後(こう)悔(かい)先(さき)に立(た)たず (kōkai saki ni tatazu)

Verb

後(こう)悔(かい)する • (kōkai suru) ^{←こうくわい (koukwai)^?}transitive suru (stem 後(こう)悔(かい)し (kōkai shi), past 後(こう)悔(かい)した (kōkai shita))

to regret
Synonym: 悔しむ (kuyashimu)

後(こう)悔(かい)しないように
kōkaishinai yō ni
in such a way that there are no regrets

Conjugation

Conjugation of "後悔する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	後悔し	こうかいし	kōkai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	後悔し	こうかいし	kōkai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	後悔する	こうかいする	kōkai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	後悔する	こうかいする	kōkai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	後悔すれ	こうかいすれ	kōkai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	後悔せよ¹ 後悔しろ²	こうかいせよ¹ こうかいしろ²	kōkai seyo¹ kōkai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	後悔される	こうかいされる	kōkai sareru
Causative	後悔させる後悔さす	こうかいさせるこうかいさす	kōkai saseru kōkai sasu
Potential	後悔できる	こうかいできる	kōkai dekiru
Volitional	後悔しよう	こうかいしよう	kōkai shiyō
Negative	後悔しない	こうかいしない	kōkai shinai
Negative continuative	後悔せず	こうかいせず	kōkai sezu
Formal	後悔します	こうかいします	kōkai shimasu
Perfective	後悔した	こうかいした	kōkai shita
Conjunctive	後悔して	こうかいして	kōkai shite
Hypothetical conditional	後悔すれば	こうかいすれば	kōkai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
後	悔

Noun

後悔 • (huhoe) (hangeul 후회)

hanja form^? of 후회 (“regret”)

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]