様
Appearance
|
Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 樣 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 様 |
Simplified | 样 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Japanese shinjitai Simplified from 樣 (羕 → 𣴎); compare bottom of 暴.
Right component is approximately 𦍌 + 氺.
Han character
[edit]様 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木廿土水 (DTGE) or 難木廿土水 (XDTGE), composition ⿰木𣴎)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 546, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15352
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 2, page 1284, character 6
- Unihan data for U+69D8
Chinese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see 樣 (“appearance; form; shape; look; expression; air; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 樣). |
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see 橡 (“Acorn.; A tree in the genus.”). (This character is a variant form of 橡). |
Japanese
[edit]様 | |
樣 |
Kanji
[edit]様
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 樣)
- certain form or way
- condition, state
- design, pattern
- indicates humbleness or politeness
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)←やう (yau, historical)
- Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)←やう (yau, historical)
- Kun: さま (sama, 様, Jōyō)
As variant kanji of 橡:
- Go-on: ぞう (zō)←ざう (zau, historical)
- Kan-on: しょう (shō)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kun: くぬぎ (kunugi, 様)、とち (tochi, 様)
Usage notes
[edit]When written in 草体 (sōtai, “highly-cursive”) style, this kanji form is called 平様 (hira-zama, literally “common form”) to distinguish from the kyūjitai form 永様 (ei-sama, literally “永-form”), and its variant forms 次様 (tsugi-zama, for 檨, literally “次-form”) and 美様 (bi-zama, for 𣖙, literally “美-form”).
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
様 |
よう Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
樣 (kyūjitai) |
/jɨau/ → /jɔː/ → /joː/
From Middle Chinese 樣 (MC yangH).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Adjective
[edit]様 • (yō) ←やう (yau)?-na (adnominal 様な (yō na), adverbial 様に (yō ni))
- be like, look like, seem like, as if, having the likeness of
- まるで夢を見ている様だ。
- Maru de yume o mite iru yō da.
- It felt as if I were dreaming.
- あの野郎の筋肉はアーノルド・シュワルツェネッガーのようね
- Ano yarō no kinniku wa Ānorudo Shuwarutseneggā no yō ne
- That dude's muscles are like Arnold Schwarzenegger
- 火のついた蝶のようにひとときだけ輝き
- Hi no tsuita chō no yō ni hitotoki dake kagayaki
- Briefly radiate like a butterfly attracted to fire
- まるで夢を見ている様だ。
- (as 様に (yō ni)) I hope; I pray; may
- 成功しますように。
- Seikō shimasu yō ni.
- I wish [myself/you] success.
- 成功しますように。
Usage notes
[edit]- In contemporary Japanese, this term is often written in hiragana.
- Traditional Japanese grammar analyzes this term as a 助動詞 (jodōshi, “auxiliary verb”), ようだ (yō da), from the noun 様 (yō) and the auxiliary verb だ.
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 様
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 様だろ | ようだろ | yō daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 様で | ようで | yō de |
Terminal (終止形) | 様だ | ようだ | yō da |
Attributive (連体形) | 様な | ような | yō na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 様なら | ようなら | yō nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 様であれ | ようであれ | yō de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 様ではない 様じゃない |
ようではない ようじゃない |
yō de wa nai yō ja nai |
Informal past | 様だった | ようだった | yō datta |
Informal negative past | 様ではなかった 様じゃなかった |
ようではなかった ようじゃなかった |
yō de wa nakatta yō ja nakatta |
Formal | 様です | ようです | yō desu |
Formal negative | 様ではありません 様じゃありません |
ようではありません ようじゃありません |
yō de wa arimasen yō ja arimasen |
Formal past | 様でした | ようでした | yō deshita |
Formal negative past | 様ではありませんでした 様じゃありませんでした |
ようではありませんでした ようじゃありませんでした |
yō de wa arimasen deshita yō ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 様で | ようで | yō de |
Conditional | 様なら(ば) | ようなら(ば) | yō nara (ba) |
Provisional | 様だったら | ようだったら | yō dattara |
Volitional | 様だろう | ようだろう | yō darō |
Adverbial | 様に | ように | yō ni |
Degree | 様さ | ようさ | yōsa |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Proper noun
[edit]- a female given name
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
様 |
さま Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
樣 (kyūjitai) |
For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 様, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
様 |
さま > ざま Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
樣 (kyūjitai) |
For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 様, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
様 |
ちゃま Grade: 3 |
irregular |
Alternative spelling |
---|
樣 (kyūjitai) |
For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 様, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
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