因緣

See also: 因縁 and 因缘

Chinese

		cause; reason; because	along; predestined affinity; reason along; predestined affinity; reason; edge
trad. (因緣)		因	緣
simp. (因缘)		因	缘

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīnyuán

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣ ㄩㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jan¹ jyun⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yîn-yèn / yîn-yàn
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): in-iân
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹in-yoe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīnyuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄣ ㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yinyuán
    • Wade–Giles: yin¹-yüan²
    • Yale: yīn-ywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: inyuan
    • Palladius: иньюань (inʹjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 因緣／因缘 姻緣／姻缘

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jan¹ jyun⁴
    • Yale: yān yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jan¹ jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yen¹ yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 因緣／因缘 姻緣／姻缘

• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn-yèn
    • Hakka Romanization System: in^ˊ ien^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yin¹ yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /in²⁴ i̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn-yàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)in^ˊ (r)ian^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yin¹ yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴ (j)i̯an¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: in-iân
    • Tâi-lô: in-iân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: in'ieen
    • IPA (Xiamen): /in⁴⁴⁻²² iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /in³³ iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /in⁴⁴⁻²² iɛn¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /in⁴⁴⁻³³ iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /in⁴⁴⁻³³ iɛn²³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹in-yoe
    • MiniDict: in^平 yoe
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹in-hhyoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /in⁵⁵ ɦyø²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jin ywen

Rime
Character	因	緣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	於眞切	與專切
Baxter	'jin	ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪn/	/jiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔin/	/jʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjen/	/juæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔin/	/jwian/
Li Rong	/ʔiĕn/	/iuɛn/
Wang Li	/ĭĕn/	/jĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ĕn/	/i̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yīn	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan1	jyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔi[n]  lon/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qin  lon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	因	緣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yīn	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjin ›	‹ ywen ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔi[n]/	/*lon/
English	rely on	go along, follow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	因	緣
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	15176	12527
Phonetic component	因	彖
Rime group	眞	元
Rime subdivision	1	3
Corresponding MC rime	因	沿
Old Chinese	/*qin/	/*lon/
Notes	甲文象人臥於茵席， 爲茵初文

Noun

因緣

1. chance; opportunity
2. predestined relationship; fate; destiny
3. (Buddhism) hetu and prataya; principal and secondary causes
4. chain of cause and effect

Synonyms

• (opportunity):

edit

• 商機／商机 (shāngjī) (business opportunity)
• 契機／契机 (qìjī)
• 戰機／战机 (zhànjī) (opportunity for victory in battle)
• 時機／时机 (shíjī)
• 機會／机会 (jīhuì)
• 機遇／机遇 (jīyù)
• 火候 (huǒhòu) (figurative)
• 空子 (kòngzi) (opportunity to take advantage of)
• 空隙 (kòngxì)
• 節裉兒／节裉儿 (Xinzhou)
• 縫縫／缝缝 (fong⁴ fong^4-1) (Sichuanese, Wu)
• 縫縫兒／缝缝儿 (fong⁴ fongr^4-1) (Sichuanese)
• 茬口 (chákǒu) (regional)
• 遇 (yù) (literary, or in compounds)
• 際遇／际遇 (jìyù) (literary)

 

• (predestined relationship): (literary) 分緣／分缘 (fènyuán), 姻緣／姻缘 (yīnyuán), 緣分／缘分 (yuánfèn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (因縁):

• → Japanese: 因縁(いんねん) (innen)
• → Korean: 인연(因縁) (inyeon)
• → Vietnamese: nhân duyên (因縁)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
因	緣
いん Grade: 5	えん > ねん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 因緣 – see the following entry.

【因縁いんねん】 [noun] chance; opportunity [noun] predestined relationship; fate, destiny [noun] (Buddhism) hetu and prataya, principal and secondary causes [noun] chain of cause and effect [noun] false accusation

(This term, 因緣, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
因	緣

Noun

因緣 • (inyeon) (hangeul 인연)

1. hanja form^? of 인연

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
因	緣

Noun

因緣

1. chữ Hán form of nhân duyên.