偏袒

Chinese

		one-sided; to lean; to slant one-sided; to lean; to slant; prejudiced; inclined to one side	to bare
trad. (偏袒)		偏	袒
simp. #(偏袒)		偏	袒

Etymology

From a story recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian:

太尉將之入軍門，行令軍中曰：「為呂氏右袒，為劉氏左袒。」軍中皆左袒為劉氏。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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太尉将之入军门，行令军中曰：「为吕氏右袒，为刘氏左袒。」军中皆左袒为刘氏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

Tàiwèi jiāng zhī rù jūnmén, xínglìng jūn zhōng yuē: “Wèi Lǚ shì yòu tǎn, wèi Liú shì zuǒ tǎn.” Jūn zhōng jiē zuǒ tǎn wèi Liú shì. [Pinyin]

The Grand Marshal carried it and entered the entrance to the army camp, and issued an order to the army, saying, "Those in support of the Lü show their right shoulder, and those in support of the Liu show their left shoulder." The whole army showed their left shoulder in support of the Liu.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): piāntǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄢ ㄊㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pin¹ taan²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phian-thán

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: piāntǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄢ ㄊㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: piantǎn
    • Wade–Giles: pʻien¹-tʻan³
    • Yale: pyān-tǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piantaan
    • Palladius: пяньтань (pjanʹtanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pin¹ taan²
    • Yale: pīn táan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pin¹ taan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: pin¹ tan²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 偏癱／偏瘫 偏袒

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phian-thán
    • Tâi-lô: phian-thán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phientarn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiɛn³³ tʰan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰan⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰan⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: phjien|phjienH danX

Rime
Character	偏	偏	袒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	仙 (77)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	芳連切	匹戰切	徒旱切
Baxter	phjien	phjienH	danX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰiᴇn/	/pʰiᴇnH/	/dɑnX/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiɛn/	/pʰiɛnH/	/dɑnX/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰjæn/	/pʰjænH/	/dɑnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰian/	/pʰianH/	/danX/
Li Rong	/pʰiɛn/	/pʰiɛnH/	/dɑnX/
Wang Li	/pʰĭɛn/	/pʰĭɛnH/	/dɑnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯ɛn/	/pʰi̯ɛnH/	/dʱɑnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	piān	piàn	dàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pin1	pin3	daan6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰen|pʰens  rdeːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	偏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	piān
Middle Chinese	‹ phjien ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰe[n]/
English	oblique; subordinate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	偏	偏	袒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
No.	712	718	2075
Phonetic component	扁	扁	旦
Rime group	元	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	篇	騗	袒
Old Chinese	/*pʰen/	/*pʰens/	/*rdeːns/

Verb

偏袒

1. (literary, literally) to bare one shoulder
2. to side with (someone); to take sides; to discriminate in favor of; to show prejudice (to a particular party)

Synonyms

• (to side with): 護／护 (hù)