人臣

Chinese

		man; person; people	statesman; vassal; courtier statesman; vassal; courtier; minister; official
simp. and trad. (人臣)		人	臣

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rénchén

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄔㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁴ san⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rénchén
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄔㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rénchén
    • Wade–Giles: jên²-chʻên²
    • Yale: rén-chén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renchern
    • Palladius: жэньчэнь (žɛnʹčɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 人臣 壬辰

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jan⁴ san⁴
    • Yale: yàhn sàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴ san⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴ sen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹ sɐn²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 人神 人臣

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• Middle Chinese: nyin dzyin

Rime
Character	人	臣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	如鄰切	植鄰切
Baxter	nyin	dzyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪn/	/d͡ʑiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵin/	/d͡ʑin/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjen/	/d͡ʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵin/	/d͡ʑin/
Li Rong	/ȵiĕn/	/ʑiĕn/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕn/	/ʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/	/ʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rén	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan4	san4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ni[ŋ]  [ɡ]i[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njin  ɡiŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	人	臣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rén	chén
Middle Chinese	‹ nyin ›	‹ dzyin ›
Old Chinese	/*ni[ŋ]/	/*[ɡ]i[ŋ]/
English	(other) person	slave, subject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	人	臣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10800	1342
Phonetic component	人	臣
Rime group	眞	眞
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	仁	辰
Old Chinese	/*njin/	/*ɡiŋ/
Notes		甲文臧象以戈刺目爲奴， 省戈表不刺者則爲臣， 專指役使於家內者

Noun

人臣

1. (dated) vassal; minister; subject