quivis

Latin

Etymology

From quī +‎ vīs.

Pronoun

quīvīs (feminine quaevīs, neuter quidvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

1. whoever you will, anyone, anything
2. whatever (you will), whatsoever

Declension

Relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	quīvīs	quaevīs	quidvīs		quīvīs1	quaevīs
genitive	cuiusvīs1				quōrunvīs quōrumvīs	quārunvīs quārumvīs	quōrunvīs quōrumvīs
dative	cuivīs1				quibusvīs quīsvīs1
accusative	quenvīs quemvīs	quanvīs quamvīs	quidvīs		quōsvīs	quāsvīs	quaevīs
ablative	quōvīs	quāvīs	quōvīs		quibusvīs quīsvīs1

¹In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).

Determiner

quīvis (feminine quaevīs, neuter quodvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

1. whichever, whatever (person or thing)

Usage notes

• The pronoun is used in place of a noun, while the determiner is used in place of an adjective (e.g. whichever man, whatever speech). The declensions differ only in the neuter nominative/accusative singular: quidvīs as a pronoun, quodvīs as a determiner.

Declension

Relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	quīvis	quaevīs	quodvīs		quīvīs1	quaevīs
genitive	cuiusvīs1				quōrunvīs quōrumvīs	quārunvīs quārumvīs	quōrunvīs quōrumvīs
dative	cuivīs1				quibusvīs quīsvīs1
accusative	quenvīs quemvīs	quanvīs quamvīs	quodvīs		quōsvīs	quāsvīs	quaevīs
ablative	quōvīs	quāvīs	quōvīs		quibusvīs quīsvīs1

¹In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).

Related terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	demonstrative			anaphoric	identity	interrogative/ relative	indefinite					negative	other
	proximal	medial	distal				relative	indefinite	free choice	universal	negative polarity
basic	hic	iste, istic	ille, illic	is	ipse, īdem	quis/quī	quisquis, quīcumque	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam	quīvis, quīlibet	quisque	quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam	nēmō, nihil, nūllus	alius
dual						uter	utercumque	alteruter	utervīs, uterlibet	uterque		neuter	alter
place	hīc	istīc	illīc	ibī̆	ibī̆dem	ubī̆	ubiubi, ubī̆cumque	alicubī, uspiam	ubivīs, ubilibet	ubīque	usquam	nusquam, nūllibī	alibī, aliās
source	hinc	istinc	illinc	inde	indidem	unde	undecumque, undeunde	alicunde	°undelibet	undique			aliunde
destination	hūc, °hōrsum	istūc, °istōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	eō	eōdem	quō, quōrsum	quōquō, quōcumque	aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	quōvīs, quōlibet		quōquam	nusquam, nūllōrsum	aliō, aliōrsum
method, means, path, place	hāc	istāc	illāc	eā	eādem	quā	quāquā, quācumque	aliquā	quāvīs, quālibet	quāque		nēquāquam, haudquāquam	aliā
manner	hōc modō	istō modō	illō modō	ita, sīc, eō modō	item, itidem	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	quōmodolibet	utīque	ūllō modō	nūllō modō	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time	num, nunc		ōlim	tum, tunc	simul	quandō, ‡cum	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	quondam, aliquandō	quandōlibet	quandōque	umquam	numquam	aliās
quantity				tam	†tamen, †tandem	quam	†quamquam	aliquam	quamvīs, quamlibet
size				tantus	tantusdem	quantus	quantuscumque	aliquantus	quantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality				tālis		quālis	quālis, quāliscumque	aliquālis	quālislibet
number				tot	totidem	quot	quotquot, quotcumque	aliquot	quotlibet
order				totus		quotus	quotuscumque	aliquotus	quotuslibet
repetition				totiēns		quotiēns	quotiēnscumque	aliquotiēns	quotiēnslibet
multiplication				totuplex		quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

See also

• quamvīs
• quantumvīs
• quantusvīs
• ubivīs
• utervīs

References

• “quivis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “quivis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• quivis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • all learned men: omnes docti, quivis doctus, doctissimus quisque
    

Portuguese

Noun

quivis

1. plural of quivi