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quaero

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Uncertain. According to Nussbaum and de Vaan, from Proto-Italic *kʷaizeō, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂- (“to acquire”), via a se/o-present built upon an i-present form *kʷeh₂y- (“to acquire”). In this case, cognates would include Ancient Greek πέπαμαι (pépamai, “to get, acquire”), Old Prussian quoi (“I/you want”) and quāits (“desire”), Lithuanian kviẽsti (“to invite”).[1]

In some sources etymologized as being from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoys-, *kʷeys- (“to see”), but this was deemed uncertain by Schrijver in 1991.

LIV accepts Szemerényi's 1960 etymology that it is a derivation of *h₂eys- (“to seek, ask”), via the form *koaiseo.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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quaerō (present infinitive quaerere, perfect active quaesīvī or quaesiī, supine quaesītum); third conjugation

  1. to seek, look for
    Synonyms: requīrō, studeō, spectō, petō, appetō, affectō, cupiō, concupiō, inquīrō, conquīrō, expetō, dēstinō, sitiō, aveō, voveō, circumspiciō, tendō, intendō
    Antonyms: āversor, abhorreō, dēclīnō
    Quaerendo invenietis ― By seeking ye shall find
    Quaerite Dominum ― Seek ye the Lord
  2. to ask, question, seek or search for a thing, inquire, query, interrogate
    Synonyms: scīscitor, percontor, investīgō, scīscō, indāgō, interrogō, requīrō, rogitō, scrūtor
    Quaeritur num mors malum sit. ― The question is whether death is an evil.
  3. to strive for; endeavor; seek to obtain
    Synonyms: lūctor, certō, ēlabōrō, cōnītor, cōnor, ēnītor, appetō, affectō, tendō, quaesō, temptō, studeō, circumspiciō, īnsequor, contendō, adnītor, labōrō, pugnō, molior, perīclitor, nītor, spectō
  4. to miss, lack
  5. to desire, require, want, aim at
    Synonyms: requīrō, affectō, cupiō, aveō, studeō, concupiō, indigeō, sitiō, petō, expetō, spectō, voveō, appetō, dēstinō

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of quaerō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present quaerō quaeris quaerit quaerimus quaeritis quaerunt
imperfect quaerēbam quaerēbās quaerēbat quaerēbāmus quaerēbātis quaerēbant
future quaeram quaerēs quaeret quaerēmus quaerētis quaerent
perfect quaesīvī,
quaesiī 		quaesīvistī,
quaesīstī,
quaesiistī1 		quaesīvit,
quaesīt,
quaesiit1 		quaesīvimus,
quaesīmus,
quaesiimus1 		quaesīvistis,
quaesīstis,
quaesiistis1 		quaesīvērunt,
quaesīrunt,
quaesīvēre,
quaesiērunt,
quaesiēre1
pluperfect quaesīveram,
quaesīram,
quaesieram1 		quaesīverās,
quaesīrās,
quaesierās1 		quaesīverat,
quaesīrat,
quaesierat1 		quaesīverāmus,
quaesīrāmus,
quaesierāmus1 		quaesīverātis,
quaesīrātis,
quaesierātis1 		quaesīverant,
quaesīrant,
quaesierant1
future perfect quaesīverō,
quaesīrō,
quaesierō1 		quaesīveris,
quaesīris,
quaesieris1 		quaesīverit,
quaesīrit,
quaesierit1 		quaesīverimus,
quaesīrimus,
quaesierimus1 		quaesīveritis,
quaesīritis,
quaesieritis1 		quaesīverint,
quaesīrint,
quaesierint1
passive present quaeror quaereris,
quaerere 		quaeritur quaerimur quaeriminī quaeruntur
imperfect quaerēbar quaerēbāris,
quaerēbāre 		quaerēbātur quaerēbāmur quaerēbāminī quaerēbantur
future quaerar quaerēris,
quaerēre 		quaerētur quaerēmur quaerēminī quaerentur
perfect quaesītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect quaesītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect quaesītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present quaeram quaerās quaerat quaerāmus quaerātis quaerant
imperfect quaererem quaererēs quaereret quaererēmus quaererētis quaererent
perfect quaesīverim,
quaesīrim,
quaesierim1 		quaesīverīs,
quaesīrīs,
quaesierīs1 		quaesīverit,
quaesīrit,
quaesierit1 		quaesīverīmus,
quaesīrīmus,
quaesierīmus1 		quaesīverītis,
quaesīrītis,
quaesierītis1 		quaesīverint,
quaesīrint,
quaesierint1
pluperfect quaesīvissem,
quaesīssem,
quaesiissem1 		quaesīvissēs,
quaesīssēs,
quaesiissēs1 		quaesīvisset,
quaesīsset,
quaesiisset1 		quaesīvissēmus,
quaesīssēmus,
quaesiissēmus1 		quaesīvissētis,
quaesīssētis,
quaesiissētis1 		quaesīvissent,
quaesīssent,
quaesiissent1
passive present quaerar quaerāris,
quaerāre 		quaerātur quaerāmur quaerāminī quaerantur
imperfect quaererer quaererēris,
quaererēre 		quaererētur quaererēmur quaererēminī quaererentur
perfect quaesītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect quaesītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — quaere — — quaerite —
future — quaeritō quaeritō — quaeritōte quaeruntō
passive present — quaerere — — quaeriminī —
future — quaeritor quaeritor — — quaeruntor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present quaerere quaerī quaerēns —
future quaesītūrum esse quaesītum īrī quaesītūrus quaerendus,
quaerundus
perfect quaesīvisse,
quaesīsse,
quaesiisse1 		quaesītum esse — quaesītus
future perfect — quaesītum fore — —
perfect potential quaesītūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
quaerendī quaerendō quaerendum quaerendō quaesītum quaesītū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “quaerō, quaesō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 503-4

Further reading

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  • “quaero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “quaero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • quæro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, pages 1,288–9.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to court a person's favour; to ingratiate oneself with..: gratiam alicuius sibi quaerere, sequi, more strongly aucupari
    • to be guided by ambition: laudem, gloriam quaerere
    • a theme, subject proposed for discussion: id quod quaerimus (quaeritur)
    • at this point the question arises: hoc loco exsistit quaestio, quaeritur
    • the question now is..: nunc id quaeritur, agitur
    • the question at issue: res, de qua nunc quaerimus, quaeritur
    • to give the etymological explanation of words: nomina enodare or verborum origines quaerere, indagare
    • to earn a livelihood by something: victum aliqua re quaerere
    • to court popularity: gratiam populi quaerere
    • to strive to gain popular favour by certain means: ventum popularem quendam (in aliqua re) quaerere
    • to hold an inquiry into a matter: quaerere aliquid or de aliqua re
    • to have a person tortured: quaerere tormentis de aliquo
    • to examine slaves by torture: de servis quaerere (in dominum)
    • to put it exactly: si quaeris, si verum quaerimus
  • “quaerō” on page 1,533 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
  • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “quaerere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 877
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 457.B
  • Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “quaerĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 1409

Anagrams

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