goma

See also: Goma and GOMA

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈɡo.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈɡo.ma]

Noun

goma f (plural gomes)

1. rubber
2. gum
3. eraser

Derived terms

• fer goma
• goma amoníaca
• goma aràbiga
• goma d'enganxar
• goma d'esborrar
• goma elàstica
• goma escuma
• goma laca
• goma resina
• goma-2

Further reading

• “goma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “goma”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
• “goma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “goma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

Attested since 1350. From Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡomɐ]

Noun

goma f (plural gomas)

1. resin, sap, gum
   • c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 197:

     era chẽo de dentro de moytas espeçias et de gomas as mays nobles et as mays virtuosas que ẽno mũdo auya

     it was filled in the inside with many spices and resins, the most noble and virtuous that there were in the world

2. rubber
3. eraser

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “goma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “goma”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “goma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “goma”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “goma”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Hausa

Hausa numbers ^(edit)

		100
←  1	←  9	10	20  →	100  →
		1
Cardinal: gōmà

Etymology

From Proto-Chadic *gʷam-, likely an old borrowing from Niger-Congo (compare Proto-Bantu *ìkʊ́mì), or from Proto-Afroasiatic with metathesis. If so, cognate with Egyptian mḏw and Proto-Berber *măraw (whence Central Atlas Tamazight ⵎⵔⴰⵡ (mraw)). Cognate with Ngizim gūmà, Bura kuma, Daba guɓ, Podoko jɨ́ma, Kirya-Konzel gùm, Duwai gū̀mà.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡóː.mà/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ɡʷóː.mə̀]

Numeral

gōmà f

1. ten

Derived terms

• gomiya

Japanese

Romanization

goma

1. Rōmaji transcription of ごま
2. Rōmaji transcription of ゴマ

Lombard

Alternative forms

• gomma, guma, gumma

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡoma/, [ˈɡomɑ], [ˈɡumɑ]

Noun

goma f (plural gome)

1. rubber
2. gum
3. eraser
4. tyre

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *gaumu, Proto-Germanic *gaumō.

Noun

goma f

1. attention
2. meal

Inflection

Declension of gōma (feminine ō/ōn-stem noun)

case	singular	plural
nominative	gōma	gōma, gōmon
accusative	gōma, gōmon	gōma, gōmon
genitive	gōmon	gōmono
dative	gōmon	gōmon

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: gôme
  • Dutch: goom

References

• “gōma”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡoː.mɑ/

Noun

gōma m

1. palate, the roof of the mouth

Declension

Weak:

	singular	plural
nominative	gōma	gōman
accusative	gōman	gōman
genitive	gōman	gōmena
dative	gōman	gōmum

Descendants

• Middle English: gome, goome, gomme, gumme
  • English: gum, goom (dialectal)
  • Scots: goom, geem, gum

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡõ.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡõ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡo.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡo.mɐ/

• Rhymes: -omɐ

Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi).

Noun

goma f (plural gomas)

1. starch (laundry stiffener)
2. gum (viscous substance exuded by certain plants)
3. (Brazil, slang, regional) home, house

   Cola na minha goma mais tarde pra gente jogar um pouco de videogame.

   Come to my house later so we can play some video games.

Derived terms

• engomar
• goma de mascar
• goma-arábica
• goma-laca
• gomar
• gomoso

Descendants

• → Sranan Tongo: goma

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Nyungwe ngoma.

Noun

goma f (plural gomas)

1. (Mozambique) Synonym of cudo (“kudu”).

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Kimbundu ngoma.

Noun

goma f (plural gomas)

1. (Angola) a type of long drum

Further reading

• “goma”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
• “goma”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

Rwanda-Rundi

Verb

-goma (infinitive kugoma, perfective -gomye)

1. rebel, revolt

Derived terms

• umugome

Spanish

Latex being collected from a tapped rubber tree, Cameroon

Gum

A few rubber bands

Two rubbers / erasers

Nitrocellulose adhesive dispensed from a tube

Hair ties in different colors

An unwrapped stick of chewing gum

A rolled-up condom

Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡoma/ [ˈɡo.ma]
• Rhymes: -oma
• Syllabification: go‧ma

Noun

goma f (plural gomas)

1. rubber (substance, material)

   Synonym: caucho

   1. Ellipsis of cinta de goma or goma elástica (“rubber band”)

      Synonym: (Southern Cone + Puerto Rico) gomita

   2. (botany, Bolivia) rubber tree
   3. (Bolivia) teether
   4. Ellipsis of goma de borrar (“eraser”).

      Synonym: borrador

   5. condom

      Synonyms: preservativo, condón

   6. tire
      1. (Rioplatense, Chile, vulgar, chiefly in the plural) boob; tit
2. gum (substance exuded by certain plants)

   Synonym: resina

   1. (Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Chile) Ellipsis of goma de mascar (“chewing gum”).

      Synonym: chicle

   2. (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Cuba, Andes, Guatemala, Panama, Uruguay) glue

      Synonym: pegamento

Derived terms

• bota de goma
• cinta de goma
• engomar
• estar de goma
• goma arábiga
• goma de borrar
• goma de mascar
• goma de pegar
• goma elástica
• goma en barra (“glue stick”) (Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Panama, Peru, Uruguay)
• goma espuma
• gomina
• gomita
• tiralíneas
• tirar la goma

Related terms

• gomoso

Descendants

• → Cebuano: goma
• → Ilocano: goma
• → Maguindanao: guma
• → Tagalog: goma
• → Tausug: guma

Further reading

• “goma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
• “goma” in Lexico, Oxford University Press.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

goma

1. inflection of gomar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Etymology 3

Adjective

goma f

1. (Bolivia, colloquial) easy (Consenting readily to sex)
2. feminine singular of gomo

Noun

goma f (plural gomas)

1. feminine singular of gomo
2. (Central America, Panama, Spain) Clipping of gomona (“hangover”).
3. (Spain) hair tie, ponytail holder, ponytailer, hair elastic, bobble, hair boble

   Synonyms: (Spain) goma del pelo, (Argentina, Colombia) colita, (Chile) colet, (Mexico) liga, colero

   Synonym: resaca

   Synonym: borrachera

4. (Mexico, Nicaragua, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Venezuela) home plate
5. (Colombia, Eastern Venezuela) obsession
6. (Peru, Chile) spanking
7. (Bolivia) airbag
8. (Bolivia, vulgar) A promiscuous woman.
9. (Chile, slang) illicit pills
10. (El Salvador) the freshness of freshly-washed clothing
11. (Paraguay) physical discomfort

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From Portuguese goma.

Noun

goma

1. starch (laundry stiffener)

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-goma (infinitive kugoma)

1. to boycott, strike

Conjugation

Conjugation of -goma
Positive present -nagoma Subjunctive -gome Negative -gomi Imperative singular goma
Infinitives
Positive kugoma Negative kutogoma
Imperatives
Singular goma Plural gomeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hugoma Positive past positive subject concord + -ligoma Negative past negative subject concord + -kugoma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagoma) Singular Plural 1st person ninagoma/nagoma tunagoma 2nd person unagoma mnagoma 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anagoma wanagoma other classes positive subject concord + -nagoma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -gomi) Singular Plural 1st person sigomi hatugomi 2nd person hugomi hamgomi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hagomi hawagomi other classes negative subject concord + -gomi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tagoma Negative future negative subject concord + -tagoma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gome) Singular Plural 1st person nigome tugome 2nd person ugome mgome 3rd person m-wa(I/II) agome wagome other classes positive subject concord + -gome
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sigome Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngegoma Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singegoma Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaligoma Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaligoma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agoma) Singular Plural 1st person nagoma twagoma 2nd person wagoma mwagoma 3rd person m-wa(I/II) agoma wagoma m-mi(III/IV) wagoma yagoma ji-ma(V/VI) lagoma yagoma ki-vi(VII/VIII) chagoma vyagoma n(IX/X) yagoma zagoma u(XI) wagoma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwagoma pa(XVI) pagoma mu(XVIII) mwagoma
Perfect positive subject concord + -megoma "Already" positive subject concord + -meshagoma "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jagoma "If/When" positive subject concord + -kigoma "If not" positive subject concord + -sipogoma Consecutive kagoma / positive subject concord + -kagoma Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kagome
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nigoma -tugoma 2nd person -kugoma -wagoma/-kugomeni/-wagomeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mgoma -wagoma m-mi(III/IV) -ugoma -igoma ji-ma(V/VI) -ligoma -yagoma ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kigoma -vigoma n(IX/X) -igoma -zigoma u(XI) -ugoma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kugoma pa(XVI) -pagoma mu(XVIII) -mugoma Reflexive -jigoma
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -goma- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -gomaye -gomao m-mi(III/IV) -gomao -gomayo ji-ma(V/VI) -gomalo -gomayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -gomacho -gomavyo n(IX/X) -gomayo -gomazo u(XI) -gomao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -gomako pa(XVI) -gomapo mu(XVIII) -gomamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -goma) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yegoma -ogoma m-mi(III/IV) -ogoma -yogoma ji-ma(V/VI) -logoma -yogoma ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chogoma -vyogoma n(IX/X) -yogoma -zogoma u(XI) -ogoma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kogoma pa(XVI) -pogoma mu(XVIII) -mogoma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • mgomaji (“striker”)
  • mgomo (“strike”)
  • ugomaji (“striking”)

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish goma (“rubber”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈɡoma/ [ˈɡoː.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -oma
• Syllabification: go‧ma

Noun

goma (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜓᜋ)

1. rubber; gum

   Synonyms: kola, pangkola

2. rubber band; elastic band

   Synonym: lastiko

3. rubber eraser

   Synonym: pambura

4. rubber tire
5. rubber shoes

Derived terms

• gomahan

Adjective

goma (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜓᜋ)

1. made of rubber

Anagrams

• mago, Mago