-nge-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "nge"

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Infix

-nge-

1. would, present conditional maker

   Antonym: -singe-

   Ningefanya tofauti. ― I would do it differently.

   • 1952, Biblio [Swahili Union Version Bible], United Bible Societies, 2 Wakorintho 12:6:

     Maana kama ningetaka kujisifu singekuwa mpumbavu, kwa sababu nitasema kweli.

     Because if I wanted to brag, I would not be a fool, because I would tell the truth.

Usage notes

The negative conditional can be expressed by using positive subject concords and inserting -si- immediately before -nge-, or by using negative subject concords.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -nge- (positive)

		singular	plural
1st person		ninge-	tunge-
2nd person		unge-	mnge-
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	ange-	wange-
	m-mi(III/IV)	unge-	inge-
	ji-ma(V/VI)	linge-	yange-
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	kinge-	vinge-
	n(IX/X)	inge-	zinge-
	u(XI)	unge-	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	kunge-
	pa(XVI)	pange-
	mu(XVIII)	mnge-

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

Conjugation of -nge- (negative)

		singular	plural
1st person		singe-	hatunge-
2nd person		hunge-	hamnge-
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	hange-	hawange-
	m-mi(III/IV)	haunge-	hainge-
	ji-ma(V/VI)	halinge-	hayange-
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	hakinge-	havinge-
	n(IX/X)	hainge-	hazinge-
	u(XI)	haunge-	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	hakunge-
	pa(XVI)	hapange-
	mu(XVIII)	hamnge-

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

See also

Swahili TAM markers

• Initial
  • Positive infinitive: ku-/kw-¹
  • Negative infinitive: kuto-
  • Habitual: hu-¹
  • Telegrammic: ka-¹
• Final
  • General (positive indicative): -a
  • Positive subjunctive: -e
  • Negative present: -i
  • Second person plural: -ni
• Infix position positive subject concord
  • Positive past: -li-
  • Positive present: -na-
  • Positive future: -ta-
  • Negative subjunctive: -si-¹
  • Positive present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative present conditional: -singe-
  • Positive past conditional: -ngali-
  • Negative past conditional: -singali-
  • Gnomic: -a-¹
  • Perfect: -me-
  • "Already" past: -lisha-
  • "Already" present: -mesha-/-sha-
  • "If/When": -ki-¹
  • "If not": -sipo-
  • Consecutive: -ka-¹
• Infix position negative subject concord
  • Negative past: -ku-¹
  • Negative future: -ta-
  • "Not yet": -ja-¹
  • Negative present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative past conditional: -ngali-
• Relative
  • Past: -li-
  • Present: -na-
  • Future: -taka-
  • Negative: -si-

¹ Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.

• -ngali-