-ki-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ki"

English

Infix

-ki-

1. (pharmacology) a shortened allomorph of the monoclonal antibody affix -kin-, used before the affixes -xi- and -zu- for ease of pronunciation

Derived terms

• lebrikizumab

Anagrams

• ik, Ik, IK

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Infix

-ki-

1. (in second verb in a series) while, simultaneity marker

   Near-synonym: -na-

   niliwaona wakitembea ― I saw them walk

   1. (after -wa) continuous aspect marker

      nimekuwa nikiandika ― I have been writing

2. when, if, conditional mood marker

   Antonym: -sipo-

   nikinunua ― if I buy

   ukienda Kenya ― if you go to Kenya

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ki-

		singular	plural
1st person		niki-	tuki-
2nd person		uki-	mki-
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	aki-	waki-
	m-mi(III/IV)	uki-	iki-
	ji-ma(V/VI)	liki-	yaki-
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	kiki-	viki-
	n(IX/X)	iki-	ziki-
	u(XI)	uki-	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	kuki-
	pa(XVI)	paki-
	mu(XVIII)	mki-

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

See also

Swahili TAM markers

• Initial
  • Positive infinitive: ku-/kw-¹
  • Negative infinitive: kuto-
  • Habitual: hu-¹
  • Telegrammic: ka-¹
• Final
  • General (positive indicative): -a
  • Positive subjunctive: -e
  • Negative present: -i
  • Second person plural: -ni
• Infix position positive subject concord
  • Positive past: -li-
  • Positive present: -na-
  • Positive future: -ta-
  • Negative subjunctive: -si-¹
  • Positive present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative present conditional: -singe-
  • Positive past conditional: -ngali-
  • Negative past conditional: -singali-
  • Gnomic: -a-¹
  • Perfect: -me-
  • "Already" past: -lisha-
  • "Already" present: -mesha-/-sha-
  • "If/When": -ki-¹
  • "If not": -sipo-
  • Consecutive: -ka-¹
• Infix position negative subject concord
  • Negative past: -ku-¹
  • Negative future: -ta-
  • "Not yet": -ja-¹
  • Negative present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative past conditional: -ngali-
• Relative
  • Past: -li-
  • Present: -na-
  • Future: -taka-
  • Negative: -si-

¹ Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.

Etymology 2

Infix

-ki-

1. it, ki class_(VII) object concord

See also

Swahili verbal concords (third person)

class	subject concord		object concord	relative
	affirmative	negative
m(I)	a-, yu-	ha-, hayu-	-m-, -mw-, -mu-	-ye
wa(II)	wa-	hawa-	-wa-	-o
m(III)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
mi(IV)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
ji(V)	li-	hali-	-li-	-lo
ma(VI)	ya-	haya-	-ya-	-yo
ki(VII)	ki-	haki-	-ki-	-cho
vi(VIII)	vi-	havi-	-vi-	-vyo
n(IX)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
n(X)	zi-	hazi-	-zi-	-zo
u(XI)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
ku(XV/XVII)	ku-	haku-	-ku-	-ko
pa(XVI)	pa-	hapa-	-pa-	-po
mu(XVIII)	m-, mw-, mu-	ham-, hamw-, hamu-	-mu-	-mo

For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns

Yoruba

Etymology

Compare with Arigidi -kí-, Ede Idaca -kú-

Interfix

-kí-

1. adds the meaning "any" to a noun when inserted into the reduplicated form (sometimes used pejoratively to mean "bad")

   ọmọ (“child”) → ọmọkọ́mọ (“any child, bad child”)

   fìlà (“hat”) → fìlàkífìlà (“any hat”)

   ẹni (“one, person”) → ẹnikẹ́ni (“anyone”)

   ewé (“leaf”) → ewékéwé (“any leaf; bad leaf”)

Usage notes

For nouns that start with a vowel, the vowel in kí is deleted, but the high tone is retained. For nouns that start with a consonant, kí is inserted directly.