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-kedik

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From -k (instantaneous suffix) +‎ -ed (frequentative suffix) +‎ -ik (reflexive suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [kɛdik]
  • Hyphenation: ke‧dik

Suffix

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-kedik

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or adjective to form a verb. Most of the time it means to behave as. The derived verb may have a pejorative meaning.
    irigy (envious) + ‎-kedik → ‎irigykedik (to be envious)
  2. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb, meaning to work as.
    cseléd (servant) + ‎-kedik → ‎cselédkedik (to work as a servant)
  3. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a reflexive verb.
    helyez (to place) + ‎-kedik → ‎helyezkedik (to position oneself)
    nevel (to raise (a child)) + ‎-kedik → ‎nevelkedik (to be raised, to be brought up)

Usage notes

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  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -kodik is added to back-vowel words
    -kedik is added to unrounded front-vowel words
    -ködik is added to rounded front-vowel words
    -akodik is added to back-vowel words
    -ekedik is added to unrounded front-vowel words

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -kedik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. -kedem or
-kedek
-kedsz -kedik -kedünk -kedtek -kednek
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. -kedtem -kedtél -kedett -kedtünk -kedtetek -kedtek
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -kedni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. -kedék or
-kedém
-kedél -kede or
-kedék
-kedénk -kedétek -kedének
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -kedik vala, -kedett vala/volt.
archaic future indef. -kedendek
(or -kedendem)
-kedendesz
(or -kedendel)
-kedend
(or -kedendik*)
-kedendünk -kedendetek -kedendenek
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. -kednék
(or -kedném)
-kednél -kedne
(or -kednék*)
-kednénk -kednétek -kednének
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -kedett volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. -kedjek  or
-kedjem
-kedj or
-kedjél
-kedjen or
-kedjék
-kedjünk -kedjetek -kedjenek
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -kedett légyen
infinitive -kedni -kednem -kedned -kednie -kednünk -kednetek -kedniük
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
-kedés -kedő -kedett -kedve (-kedvén)
Potential conjugation of -kedik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. -kedhetek
(or -kedhetem)
-kedhetsz
(or -kedhetel)
-kedhet
(or -kedhetik)
-kedhetünk -kedhettek -kedhetnek
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. -kedhettem -kedhettél -kedhetett -kedhettünk -kedhettetek -kedhettek
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. -kedheték or
-kedhetém
-kedhetél -kedhete or
-kedheték
-kedheténk -kedhetétek -kedhetének
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -kedhet vala, -kedhetett vala/volt.
archaic future indef. -kedhetendek
or -kedandhatok
(or -kedhetendem
or -kedandhatom)
-kedhetendesz
or -kedandhatsz
(or -kedhetendel
or -kedandhatol)
-kedhetend
or -kedandhat
(or -kedhetendik
or -kedandhatik*)
-kedhetendünk
or -kedandhatunk
-kedhetendetek
or -kedandhattok
-kedhetendenek
or -kedandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. -kedhetnék
(or -kedhetném)
-kedhetnél -kedhetne
(or -kedhetnék*)
-kedhetnénk -kedhetnétek -kedhetnének
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -kedhetett volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. -kedhessek or
-kedhessem
-kedhess or
-kedhessél
-kedhessen or
-kedhessék
-kedhessünk -kedhessetek -kedhessenek
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -kedhetett légyen
infinitive (-kedhetni) (-kedhetnem) (-kedhetned) (-kedhetnie) (-kedhetnünk) (-kedhetnetek) (-kedhetniük)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(-kedhetve / -kedhetvén)

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ -kodik/-kedik/-ködik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, page 417, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)