𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• atthi (Latin script)
• अत्थि (Devanagari script)
• অত্থি (Bengali script)
• අත්‍ථි (Sinhalese script)
• အတ္ထိ or ဢတ္ထိ or ဢတ်ထိ (Burmese script)
• อตฺถิ or อัตถิ (Thai script)
• ᩋᨲ᩠ᨳᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ອຕ຺ຖິ or ອັຕຖິ (Lao script)
• អត្ថិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄖𑄴𑄗𑄨 (Chakma script)

Verb

𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (root as)

1. Brahmi script form of atthi (“to be”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺"

	Singular	Plural
Present
1st	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀺 (asmi) or 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (amhi)	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫 (asma) or 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳 (amha)
2nd	𑀅𑀲𑀺 (asi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣 (attha)
3rd	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)	𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (santi)
Imperative
1st	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀺 (asmi) or 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (amhi)	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫 (asma) or 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳 (amha)
2nd	𑀅𑀳𑀺 (ahi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣 (attha)
3rd	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼 (atthu)	𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀼 (santu)
Optative
1st	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀁 (assaṃ)	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀫 (assāma)
2nd	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (assa)	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀣 (assatha)
3rd	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (assa) or 𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 (siyā)	𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (assu) or 𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀼𑀁 (siyuṃ)

• Present active participle: 𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀢 (santa), which see for forms and usage
• Present middle participle: 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦 (samāna), which see for forms and usage

Prakrit

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásti

Sanskrit अस्ति॑ (ásti)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺 (asti)

Prakrit 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺 (asti), from Sanskrit अस्ति॑ (ásti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti, from *h₁es-. Cognate with Pali atthi.

Verb

𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) (Devanagari अत्थि, Gujarati અત્થિ, Kannada ಅತ್ಥಿ) (intransitive) (Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

1. to be, to exist
   • c. 300 BCE, Vararuci, Prākṛta-Prakāśa 12.20:

     ॥ निपात्थि ॥ २० ॥

     . nipātthi . 20 .

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Hindi: आथना (āthanā)
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: आथना (āthnā)

      Urdu: آتْھنا (āthnā)

• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Sindhi:

    Arabic script: اَٿَ (atha)

    Devanagari script: अथ (atha)

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HástʰH

Sanskrit अस्थि॑ (ásthi)

Prakrit 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)

Inherited from Sanskrit अस्थि॑ (ásthi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HástʰH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁. Cognate with Pali atthi.

Noun

𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) n (Devanagari अत्थि)

1. (anatomy) a bone

   Synonym: 𑀳𑀟𑁆𑀟 (haḍḍa)

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (neuter)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (atthiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀇𑀁 (atthīiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀺 (atthīṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)
Accusative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (atthiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀇𑀁 (atthīiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀺 (atthīṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)
Instrumental	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀸 (atthiṇā)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺 (atthīhi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (atthīhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (atthīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀉 (atthīu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (atthīhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (atthissa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡 (atthīṇa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀁 (atthīṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (atthimmi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼 (atthīsu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (atthīsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀇𑀁 (atthīiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀺 (atthīṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)

Alternative forms

• 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (aṭṭhi)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Sanskrit अर्थिन् (arthín). By surface analysis, 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣 (attha) +‎ -𑀇 (-i). Cognate with Pali atthin.

Adjective

𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) (Devanagari अत्थि)

1. desiring or longing for
2. rich, wealthy

   Synonym: 𑀥𑀡𑀺 (dhaṇi)

3. begging, petitioning

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (atthīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀑 (atthao) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀉 (atthaü)
Accusative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (atthiṃ)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀑 (atthao)
Instrumental	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀸 (atthiṇā)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺 (atthīhi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (atthīhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (atthīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀉 (atthīu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (atthīhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (atthissa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡 (atthīṇa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀁 (atthīṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (atthimmi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼 (atthīsu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (atthīsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)

Maharastri declension of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻 (feminine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻 (atthiṇī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀑 (atthiṇīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻 (atthiṇī)
Accusative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀺𑀁 (atthiṇiṃ)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀑 (atthiṇīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻 (atthiṇī)
Instrumental	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀏 (atthiṇīe)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀳𑀺 (atthiṇīhi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (atthiṇīhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀑 (atthiṇīo)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (atthiṇīhiṃto)
Genitive	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀏 (atthiṇīe)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀡 (atthiṇīṇa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀡𑀁 (atthiṇīṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀏 (atthiṇīe)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀲𑀼 (atthiṇīsu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (atthiṇīsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀺 (atthiṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻 (atthiṇī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻𑀑 (atthiṇīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻 (atthiṇī)

Maharastri declension of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (neuter)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (atthiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀇𑀁 (atthīiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀺 (atthīṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)
Accusative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (atthiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀇𑀁 (atthīiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀺 (atthīṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)
Instrumental	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀸 (atthiṇā)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺 (atthīhi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (atthīhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (atthīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀉 (atthīu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (atthīhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (atthissa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡 (atthīṇa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀁 (atthīṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (atthimmi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼 (atthīsu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (atthīsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀇𑀁 (atthīiṃ) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀺 (atthīṇi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)

Noun

𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) m (Devanagari अत्थि)

1. wooer, suitor

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (atthīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀑 (atthao) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀉 (atthaü)
Accusative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (atthiṃ)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀑 (atthao)
Instrumental	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀸 (atthiṇā)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺 (atthīhi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (atthīhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (atthīo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀉 (atthīu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (atthīhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (atthissa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡 (atthīṇa) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀁 (atthīṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (atthimmi)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼 (atthīsu) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (atthīsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)	𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (atthiṇo) or 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (atthī)

References

• Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 195.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “atthi”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “अत्थि”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 49.