聰

See also: 聡, 聦, and 聪

聰 U+8070, 聰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8070 ← 聯 [U+806F] CJK Unified Ideographs 聱 → [U+8071]

聰 U+2F97F, 聰 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F97F ← 𦖨 [U+2F97E] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𣍟 → [U+2F980]

Translingual

Traditional	聰
Shinjitai (extended)	聡
Simplified	聪

Han character

聰 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 尸十竹田心 (SJHWP), four-corner 1613₀, composition ⿰耳悤)

Derived characters

• 𧃿

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 969, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29154
• Dae Jaweon: page 1419, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2795, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8070

• Unihan data for U+2F97F

Chinese

trad.		聰
simp.		聪
alternative forms		聦 聡 𦕻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (囱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
牎	*sʰroːŋ
窗	*sʰroːŋ
窓	*sʰroːŋ
囱	*sʰroːŋ, *sʰloːŋ
總	*ʔsloːŋʔ
熜	*ʔsloːŋʔ
傯	*ʔsloːŋʔ
緫	*ʔsloːŋʔ
揔	*ʔsloːŋʔ
偬	*ʔsloːŋʔ, *ʔsloːŋs
囪	*sʰloːŋ
璁	*sʰloːŋ
驄	*sʰloːŋ
蔥	*sʰloːŋ
匆	*sʰloːŋ
怱	*sʰloːŋ
葱	*sʰloːŋ
楤	*sʰloːŋ
聦	*sʰloːŋ
繱	*sʰloːŋ
騘	*sʰloːŋ
鍯	*sʰloːŋ
聰	*sʰloːŋ
愡	*sʰloːŋs
檧	*sloːŋ, *sloːŋʔ
憽	*sloːŋ
幒	*sʰloŋʔ, *kjoŋ

The character derives from its proto-form 悤, which represents a heart/mind (心) with a big dot on top indicating a hole. According to Qiu Xigui (裘錫圭) and Shen Pei (沈培), it indicates an open heart and an open mind. Its original meaning was "intelligent". Later, it became Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰloːŋ) : phonetic 囪 (OC *sʰloːŋ) + semantic 心 (“heart”), hence the dot on top became the pictogram of a window.

Eventually, the character evolved into 聰, i.e., Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰloːŋ) : semantic 耳 (“ear”) + phonetic 悤 (), in which the ear symbolizes somebody willing to listen and learn fastly through hearing.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cōng (cong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄥ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cung¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): tuung¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhûng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cung¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): chŭng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): corng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhong / chhang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cong¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cong
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻung¹
    • Yale: tsūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsong
    • Palladius: цун (cun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cung¹
    • Yale: chūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: tuung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɵŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: cung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: corng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɒŋ⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhong / chhang
    • Tâi-lô: tshong / tshang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhofng, zhafng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/, /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• chhong - literary;
• chhang - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cong¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshong
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshon
    • MiniDict: tshon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshuwng

Rime
Character	聰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉紅切
Baxter	tshuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰəwŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-l̥ˤoŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰloːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	聰
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cōng
Middle Chinese	‹ tshuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*s-l̥ˁoŋ/
English	hear well; intelligent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	聰
Reading #	1/1
No.	1830
Phonetic component	囱
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	怱
Old Chinese	/*sʰloːŋ/

Definitions

聰

1. quick at hearing
2. hearing; sense of hearing
3. intelligent; clever; bright

   Synonyms: 穎 / 颖 (yǐng), 慧 (huì)

4. satoshi (bitcoin unit)

Compounds

• 伶俐聰敏 / 伶俐聪敏
• 冰雪聰明 / 冰雪聪明 (bīngxuěcōngmíng)
• 失聰 / 失聪 (shīcōng)
• 宸聰 / 宸聪
• 小聰明 / 小聪明 (xiǎocōngmíng)
• 啟聰 / 启聪
• 明目達聰 / 明目达聪
• 絕頂聰明 / 绝顶聪明
• 耳目聰明 / 耳目聪明
• 耳聰 / 耳聪
• 耳聰目明 / 耳聪目明 (ērcōngmùmíng)
• 聰了 / 聪了
• 聰慧 / 聪慧 (cōnghuì)
• 聰敏 / 聪敏 (cōngmǐn)
• 聰明 / 聪明 (cōngmíng)
• 聰明乖覺 / 聪明乖觉
• 聰明人 / 聪明人 (cōngmíngrén)
• 聰明伶俐 / 聪明伶俐 (cōngmínglínglì)
• 聰明才智 / 聪明才智 (cōngmíngcáizhì)
• 聰明絕頂 / 聪明绝顶 (cōngmíngjuédǐng)
• 聰穎 / 聪颖 (cōngyǐng)
• 聰靈 / 聪灵
• 自作聰明 / 自作聪明 (zìzuòcōngmíng)
• 蔽聰塞明 / 蔽聪塞明
• 閉明塞聰 / 闭明塞聪
• 鬼聰明 / 鬼聪明

 

References

• “聰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “聪”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 39.

Japanese

Shinjitai	聡
Kyūjitai	聰

Kanji

聰

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 聡)

1. wise, intelligent

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: そう (sō)
• Kun: さとい (satoi, 聰い)
• Nanori: あきら (akira)、さとし (satoshi)

Korean

Hanja

聰 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

聰: Hán Nôm readings: thông

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.