突然
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]to dash; to move forward quickly | so; thus; like this so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (突然) | 突 | 然 | |
simp. #(突然) | 突 | 然 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): dat6 jin4
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'tiit6 len4
- Hakka
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tu̍t-liân / tu̍t-jiân / thu̍t-jiân / thu̍t-liân
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8deq-zoe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨ ㄖㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: turán
- Wade–Giles: tʻu1-jan2
- Yale: tū-rán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: turan
- Palladius: тужань (tužanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: túrán
- Wade–Giles: tʻu2-jan2
- Yale: tú-rán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twuran
- Palladius: тужань (tužanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu³⁵ ʐän³⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 徒然
突然
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: dat6 jin4
- Yale: daht yìhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: dat9 jin4
- Guangdong Romanization: ded6 yin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐt̚² jiːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'tiit6 len4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈtʰɨt̚⁵ lɛn³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thut-yèn
- Hakka Romanization System: tudˋ ienˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tud5 yan2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰut̚² i̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thut-yàn
- Hakka Romanization System: tudˋ (r)ianˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tud5 yan2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰut̚² (j)i̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tu̍t-liân
- Tâi-lô: tu̍t-liân
- Phofsit Daibuun: dudlieen
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /tut̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tut̚²⁴⁻² liɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tu̍t-jiân
- Tâi-lô: tu̍t-jiân
- Phofsit Daibuun: dudjieen
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tut̚⁴⁻³² ziɛn²³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thu̍t-jiân
- Tâi-lô: thu̍t-jiân
- Phofsit Daibuun: tudjieen
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰut̚⁴⁻³² ziɛn²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thu̍t-liân
- Tâi-lô: thu̍t-liân
- Phofsit Daibuun: tudlieen
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰut̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Wu
Adjective
[edit]突然
Synonyms
[edit]- 突兀 (tūwù)
Adverb
[edit]突然
Synonyms
[edit]- 一下 (yīxià)
- 一下子 (yīxiàzi)
- 一舉 / 一举 (yījǔ)
- 一頭 / 一头 (yītóu)
- 乍然 (zhàrán) (literary)
- 倏忽 (literary)
- 卒爾 / 卒尔 (cù'ěr) (literary)
- 忽地 (hūdì)
- 忽然 (hūrán)
- 𢫦𢫦風 / 𢫦𢫦风 (Hakka)
- 暫 / 暂 (zàn) (literary)
- 猛 (měng)
- 猝然 (cùrán)
- 猛然 (měngrán)
- 猝爾 / 猝尔 (cù'ěr) (literary)
- 突然間 / 突然间 (tūránjiān)
- 豁然 (huòrán) (literary)
- 遽然 (jùrán) (literary)
- 陡 (dǒu) (literary, or in compounds)
- 陡然 (dǒurán)
- 霍然 (huòrán)
- 頓 / 顿 (literary)
- 頓然 / 顿然 (dùnrán)
- 驀地 / 蓦地
- 驀然 / 蓦然 (mòrán) (formal)
- 驟然 / 骤然 (zhòurán) (literary)
Dialectal synonyms of 突然 (“suddenly”) [map]
Descendants
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
突 | 然 |
とつ Grade: S |
ぜん Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
突然 (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]突然 • (totsuzen) -na (adnominal 突然な (totsuzen na), adverbial 突然に (totsuzen ni))
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 突然
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 突然だろ | とつぜんだろ | totsuzen daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 突然で | とつぜんで | totsuzen de |
Terminal (終止形) | 突然だ | とつぜんだ | totsuzen da |
Attributive (連体形) | 突然な | とつぜんな | totsuzen na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 突然なら | とつぜんなら | totsuzen nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 突然であれ | とつぜんであれ | totsuzen de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 突然ではない 突然じゃない |
とつぜんではない とつぜんじゃない |
totsuzen de wa nai totsuzen ja nai |
Informal past | 突然だった | とつぜんだった | totsuzen datta |
Informal negative past | 突然ではなかった 突然じゃなかった |
とつぜんではなかった とつぜんじゃなかった |
totsuzen de wa nakatta totsuzen ja nakatta |
Formal | 突然です | とつぜんです | totsuzen desu |
Formal negative | 突然ではありません 突然じゃありません |
とつぜんではありません とつぜんじゃありません |
totsuzen de wa arimasen totsuzen ja arimasen |
Formal past | 突然でした | とつぜんでした | totsuzen deshita |
Formal negative past | 突然ではありませんでした 突然じゃありませんでした |
とつぜんではありませんでした とつぜんじゃありませんでした |
totsuzen de wa arimasen deshita totsuzen ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 突然で | とつぜんで | totsuzen de |
Conditional | 突然なら(ば) | とつぜんなら(ば) | totsuzen nara (ba) |
Provisional | 突然だったら | とつぜんだったら | totsuzen dattara |
Volitional | 突然だろう | とつぜんだろう | totsuzen darō |
Adverbial | 突然に | とつぜんに | totsuzen ni |
Degree | 突然さ | とつぜんさ | totsuzensa |
Synonyms
[edit]- 急 (kyū)
Adverb
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
突 | 然 |
Adverb
[edit]- hanja form? of 돌연 (“suddenly; unexpectedly; abruptly; all of a sudden”)
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
突 | 然 |
Adverb
[edit]突然
Categories:
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