為富不仁

Chinese

		because of; for; to because of; for; to; act as; take...to be; to be; to do; to serve as; to become	rich; abundant; to enrich rich; abundant; to enrich; resource	not; no	humane; kernel
trad. (為富不仁/爲富不仁)		為/爲	富	不	仁
simp. (为富不仁)		为	富	不	仁

Etymology

From Mencius (《孟子·滕文公上》):

陽虎曰：「為富不仁矣，為仁不富矣。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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阳虎曰：「为富不仁矣，为仁不富矣。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Yáng Hǔ yuē: “Wéi fù bù rén yǐ, wéi rén bù fù yǐ.” [Pinyin]

Yang Hu said, "He who seeks to be rich will not be benevolent. He who wishes to be benevolent will not be rich."

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wéifùbùrén

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴ fu³ bat¹ jan⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wéifùbùrén
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wéifùbùrén
    • Wade–Giles: wei²-fu⁴-pu⁴-jên²
    • Yale: wéi-fù-bù-rén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weifuhburen
    • Palladius: вэйфубужэнь (vɛjfubužɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵ fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wai⁴ fu³ bat¹ jan⁴
    • Yale: wàih fu bāt yàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴ fu³ bat⁷ jan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴ fu³ bed¹ yen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹ fuː³³ pɐt̚⁵ jɐn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: hjwe|hjweH pjuwH pjuw|pjuwX|pjut nyin

Rime
Character	為	為	富	不	不	不	仁
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	云 (35)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	支 (14)	支 (14)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)	物 (60)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	III	III	III	III
Fanqie	薳支切	于僞切	方副切	甫鳩切	方久切	分勿切	如鄰切
Baxter	hjwe	hjweH	pjuwH	pjuw	pjuwX	pjut	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠiuᴇ/	/ɦˠiuᴇH/	/pɨuH/	/pɨu/	/pɨuX/	/pɨut̚/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚiɛ/	/ɦʷᵚiɛH/	/piuH/	/piu/	/piuX/	/piut̚/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɛ/	/ɣiuɛH/	/piəuH/	/piəu/	/piəuX/	/piuət̚/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦjwiə̆/	/ɦjwiə̆H/	/puwH/	/puw/	/puwX/	/put̚/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ɣjue/	/ɣjueH/	/piuH/	/piu/	/piuX/	/piuət̚/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ɣǐwe/	/ɣǐweH/	/pĭəuH/	/pĭəu/	/pĭəuX/	/pĭuət̚/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/wie̯/	/wie̯H/	/pi̯ə̯uH/	/pi̯ə̯u/	/pi̯ə̯uX/	/pi̯uət̚/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi	wèi	fòu	fōu	fǒu	fu	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai4	wai6	fau3	fau1	fau2	fat1	jan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷ(r)aj  pək-s  pə  niŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷal  pɯɡs  pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ'  njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	為	富	不	仁
Reading #	1/2	1/1	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wéi	fù	bù	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwe ›	‹ pjuwH ›	‹ pjuw ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷ(r)aj/	/*pək-s/	/*pə/	/*niŋ/
English	make, do, act as	rich; wealth	not	kind
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	為	富	不	不	不	仁
Reading #	1/2	1/1	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
No.		3372	1025	1029	1048	10801
Phonetic component	爲	畐	不	不	不	人
Rime group	歌	代	之	之	物	眞
Rime subdivision	1	0	0	0	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	爲	富	不	缶	弗	仁
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷal/	/*pɯɡs/	/*pɯ/	/*pɯʔ/	/*pɯ'/	/*njin/
Notes	俗爲字			象花柎與本同源	中古才促化

Idiom

為富不仁

1. to be rich and cruel; to be rich and heartless

   • 他們有點罵人了，罵洋人叫「洋鬼子」，罵軍閥叫「搶錢司令」，罵土豪劣紳叫「為富不仁」。 [MSC, trad.]
     他们有点骂人了，骂洋人叫「洋鬼子」，骂军阀叫「抢钱司令」，骂土豪劣绅叫「为富不仁」。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1925, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《中國社會各階級的分析》 (Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Tāmen yǒudiǎn màrén le, mà yángrén jiào “yángguǐzi”, mà jūnfá jiào “qiǎngqián sīlìng”, mà tǔháo lièshēn jiào “wéifùbùrén”. [Pinyin]

     They become rather abusive, denouncing the foreigners as “foreign devils”, the warlords as “robber generals” and the local tyrants and evil gentry as “the heartless rich”.