泥溝

Chinese

		restrained; mud; paste restrained; mud; paste; pulp	ditch; gutter
trad. (泥溝)		泥	溝
simp. (泥沟)		泥	沟

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nígōu

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ ㄍㄡ

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nài-kiêu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nígōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ ㄍㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nígou
    • Wade–Giles: ni²-kou¹
    • Yale: ní-gōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nigou
    • Palladius: нигоу (nigou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵ koʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nài-kiêu
    • Hakka Romanization System: nai^ˇ gieu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nai² gieu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /nai̯¹¹ ki̯eu̯²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: nej kuw

Rime
Character	泥	溝
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	奴低切	古侯切
Baxter	nej	kuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nei/	/kəu/
Pan Wuyun	/nei/	/kəu/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛi/	/kəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛj/	/kəw/
Li Rong	/nei/	/ku/
Wang Li	/niei/	/kəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/niei/	/kə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ní	gōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nai4	gau1

Noun

泥溝

1. gutter; drain filled with dirt (usually used figuratively)

   • 總而言之，一切從前為紳士們看不起的人，一切被紳士們打在泥溝裡，在社會上沒有了立足地位，沒有了發言權的人，現在居然伸起頭來了。 [MSC, trad.]
     总而言之，一切从前为绅士们看不起的人，一切被绅士们打在泥沟里，在社会上没有了立足地位，没有了发言权的人，现在居然伸起头来了。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1927, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《湖南農民運動考察報告》 (Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Zǒng ér yán zhī, yīqiè cóngqián wéi shēnshìmen kàn bù qǐ de rén, yīqiè bèi shēnshìmen dǎ zài nígōu lǐ, zài shèhuì shàng méiyǒu le lìzú dìwèi, méiyǒu le fāyánquán de rén, xiànzài jūrán shēn qǐ tóu lái le. [Pinyin]

     In short, all those whom the gentry had despised, those whom they had trodden into the dirt, people with no place in society, people with no right to speak, have now audaciously lifted up their heads.