曉
Appearance
|
Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 曉 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 暁 |
Simplified | 晓 |
Han character
[edit]曉 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日土土山 (AGGU), four-corner 64011, composition ⿰日堯)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]- 暁 (Japanese shinjitai)
- 晓 (Simplified Chinese)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 500, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14176
- Dae Jaweon: page 870, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1535, character 1
- Unihan data for U+66C9
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 曉 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 晓 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 曉 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
撓 | *hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ |
鐃 | *rŋaːw |
譊 | *rŋaːw |
橈 | *rŋaːws, *ŋjew |
磽 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ |
墝 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw |
穘 | *hŋreːw |
顤 | *hŋreːw, *ŋeːws |
燒 | *hŋjew, *hŋjaws |
饒 | *ŋjew, *ŋjaws |
蟯 | *ŋjew, *ʔŋew |
蕘 | *ŋjew |
襓 | *ŋjew |
繞 | *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws |
遶 | *ŋjewʔ |
嬈 | *njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws |
趬 | *ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews |
蹺 | *ŋ̊ʰew |
翹 | *ɡew, *ɡews |
澆 | *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws |
驍 | *ŋkeːw |
僥 | *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw |
堯 | *ŋeːw |
垚 | *ŋeːw |
嶢 | *ŋeːw |
獟 | *ŋeːws |
膮 | *hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ |
嘵 | *hŋeːw |
憢 | *hŋeːw |
曉 | *hŋeːwʔ |
皢 | *hŋeːwʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hŋeːwʔ) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): hiēu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5shiau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siǎo
- Wade–Giles: hsiao3
- Yale: syǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheau
- Palladius: сяо (sjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hiu2
- Yale: híu
- Cantonese Pinyin: hiu2
- Guangdong Romanization: hiu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiːu̯³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hiau2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiau⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiáu
- Hakka Romanization System: hiauˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiau3
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯au̯³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hiēu
- Sinological IPA (key): /hieu³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- hiao2 - Shantou;
- hiou2 - Chaozhou.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: xewX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤewʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*hŋeːwʔ/
Definitions
[edit]曉
- dawn; daybreak
- to know; to understand; to get
- (Hakka, including Huiyang Hakka, Huicheng dialect) will; would
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 不分不曉 / 不分不晓
- 不分曉 / 不分晓
- 不曉事 / 不晓事
- 不曉得 / 不晓得
- 侵曉 / 侵晓 (qīnxiǎo)
- 分分曉曉 / 分分晓晓
- 分曉 / 分晓 (fēnxiǎo)
- 向曉 / 向晓
- 報曉 / 报晓 (bàoxiǎo)
- 夜住曉行 / 夜住晓行
- 夜宿曉行 / 夜宿晓行
- 天曉 / 天晓
- 天曉得 / 天晓得
- 失曉 / 失晓
- 家喻戶曉 / 家喻户晓 (jiāyùhùxiǎo)
- 家至戶曉 / 家至户晓
- 戶告人曉 / 户告人晓
- 拂曉 / 拂晓 (fúxiǎo)
- 揭曉 / 揭晓 (jiēxiǎo)
- 明曉 / 明晓
- 昏曉 / 昏晓
- 春曉 / 春晓 (chūnxiǎo)
- 曉事 / 晓事 (xiǎoshì)
- 曉人 / 晓人
- 曉以大義 / 晓以大义
- 曉伏夜行 / 晓伏夜行
- 曉市 / 晓市 (xiǎoshì)
- 曉得 / 晓得 (xiǎode)
- 曉悟 / 晓悟
- 曉星 / 晓星
- 曉暢 / 晓畅 (xiǎochàng)
- 曉會 / 晓会
- 曉澳 / 晓澳 (Xiǎo'ào)
- 曉示 / 晓示
- 曉籌 / 晓筹
- 曉色 / 晓色
- 曉行夜宿 / 晓行夜宿
- 曉諭 / 晓谕 (xiǎoyù)
- 曉譬 / 晓譬
- 曉關 / 晓关 (Xiǎoguān)
- 曉風 / 晓风
- 曉風殘月 / 晓风残月
- 會曉 / 会晓 (ē-hiáu)
- 𣍐曉 / 𫧃晓 (bē-hiáu)
- 沒分曉 / 没分晓
- 洞曉 / 洞晓
- 清曉 / 清晓
- 無所不曉 / 无所不晓
- 盧溝曉月 / 卢沟晓月
- 知曉 / 知晓 (zhīxiǎo)
- 破曉 / 破晓 (pòxiǎo)
- 精曉 / 精晓
- 老不曉事 / 老不晓事
- 花塢春曉 / 花坞春晓
- 薄曉 / 薄晓
- 見分曉 / 见分晓
- 討個分曉 / 讨个分晓
- 討分曉 / 讨分晓
- 通曉 / 通晓 (tōngxiǎo)
- 雌雞報曉 / 雌鸡报晓
Japanese
[edit]暁 | |
曉 |
Kanji
[edit]曉
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 暁)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: きょう (kyō)←けう (keu, historical)
- Kan-on: きょう (kyō)←けう (keu, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: ぎょう (gyō)←げう (geu, historical)
- Kun: あかつき (akatsuki, 曉)、さとる (satoru, 曉る)
- Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、あけ (ake)、さとし (satoshi)、とき (toki)、とし (toshi)
Definitions
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 曉 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 曉, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 曉 (MC xewX).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 효ᇢ〯 (Yale: hyǒw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 효〯 (hyǒ) (Yale: hyǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ço(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [효(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]曉 (eumhun 새벽 효 (saebyeok hyo))
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From 明か (aka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 明く (aku), “to open”) + 時 (to2ki1, “time, moment, hour”).[1][2]
Noun
[edit]曉 (akato2ki1) (kana あかとき)
- the dawn, daybreak
- , text here
- 安可登吉爾名能里奈久奈流保登等藝須伊夜米豆良之久於毛保由流香母
- akato2ki1 ni nano2ri nakunaru poto2to2gi1su iya medurasiku omopoyuru ka mo
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- , text here
Coordinate terms
[edit]- 夕へ (yupupe1, “twilight”)
- 宵 (yo2pi1, “dusk-night hours”)
- 夜中 (yo1naka, “midnight”)
- 朝 (asita, “next morning”)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Japanese: 暁 (akatsuki)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]曉: Hán Nôm readings: hẻo, hểu, hiểu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading けう
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- Japanese kanji with historical kan'yōon reading げう
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