翹

See also: 翘

翹 U+7FF9, 翹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FF9 ← 翸 [U+7FF8] CJK Unified Ideographs 翺 → [U+7FFA]

Translingual

Han character

翹 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 土山尸一一 (GUSMM), four-corner 4721₂, composition ⿺堯羽)

Derived characters

• 𧄍

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 959, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28808
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3357, character 6
• Unihan data for U+7FF9

Chinese

trad.		翹
simp.		翘

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (垚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撓	*hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ
鐃	*rŋaːw
譊	*rŋaːw
橈	*rŋaːws, *ŋjew
磽	*ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ
墝	*ŋ̊ʰreːw
穘	*hŋreːw
顤	*hŋreːw, *ŋeːws
燒	*hŋjew, *hŋjaws
饒	*ŋjew, *ŋjaws
蟯	*ŋjew, *ʔŋew
蕘	*ŋjew
襓	*ŋjew
繞	*ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws
遶	*ŋjewʔ
嬈	*njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws
趬	*ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews
蹺	*ŋ̊ʰew
翹	*ɡew, *ɡews
澆	*ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws
驍	*ŋkeːw
僥	*kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw
堯	*ŋeːw
垚	*ŋeːw
嶢	*ŋeːw
獟	*ŋeːws
膮	*hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ
嘵	*hŋeːw
憢	*hŋeːw
曉	*hŋeːwʔ
皢	*hŋeːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡew, *ɡews) : phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw) + semantic 羽 (“feather”).

Etymology 1

Schuessler (2007) considers this to be probably unrelated to the word family of 喬 (OC *krew, “tall”) and instead proposes cognacy with Proto-Northern Naga *gyaw (“high”).

Sagart (2021b) connects this to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”), which he (Sagart, 2017b) has also connected to 喬 (OC *krew).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiáo (qiao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kiu⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciáo
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiao²
    • Yale: chyáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyau
    • Palladius: цяо (cjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kiu⁴
    • Yale: kìuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kiu⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kiu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiːu̯²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: gjiew

Rime
Character	翹
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠遙切
Baxter	gjiew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/giaw/
Li Rong	/ɡiɛu/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɛu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kiu4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ew/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	翹
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiáo
Middle Chinese	‹ gjiew ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ew/ (failure to palatalize is unexplained)
English	long tail-feather
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	翹
Reading #	1/2
No.	14681
Phonetic component	垚
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	翹
Old Chinese	/*ɡew/

Definitions

翹

1. ^† long tail feathers of a bird; rectrix
2. ^† bird's tail
3. ^† animal's tail
4. to lift; to raise
5. to expose; to reveal; to uncover; to arouse
6. (colloquial, of wooden plank, paper, etc.) to become twisted; to be warped from water damage
7. outstanding; extraordinary
8. high; dangerous
9. ^† lush; luxuriant
10. ^† (historical) a kind of hair jewelry worn by ancient women, shaped like a bird's tail
11. ^† Alternative form of 篪 (chí, “ancient musical instrument”)

Compounds

• 引頸翹望／引颈翘望
• 拿翹／拿翘
• 翠翹／翠翘 (cuìqiáo)
• 翹企／翘企
• 翹思／翘思
• 翹望／翘望
• 翹材／翘材
• 翹棱／翘棱
• 翹楚／翘楚 (qiáochǔ)
• 翹盼／翘盼
• 翹翹／翘翘
• 翹舌音／翘舌音
• 翹足／翘足
• 翹足引領／翘足引领
• 翹足而待／翘足而待
• 翹首／翘首 (qiáoshǒu)
• 翹首企足／翘首企足
• 翹首引領／翘首引领
• 翹首盼望／翘首盼望
• 肖翹／肖翘 (xiàoqiáo)
• 連翹／连翘 (liánqiáo)
• 鳳翹／凤翘

 

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from etymology 1?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiào (qiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): giu⁶ / kiu³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khieu
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khiàu
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵chiau

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciào
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiao⁴
    • Yale: chyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiaw
    • Palladius: цяо (cjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: giu⁶ / kiu³
    • Yale: giuh / kiu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: giu⁶ / kiu³
    • Guangdong Romanization: giu⁶ / kiu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːu̯²²/, /kʰiːu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khieu
    • Hakka Romanization System: kieu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kieu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯eu̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiàu
    • Tâi-lô: khiàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiaux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiau²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiau²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiau¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiau²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵chiau
    • MiniDict: chiau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²qiau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɔ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: gjiewH

Rime
Character	翹
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨要切
Baxter	gjiewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡiᴇuH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiɛuH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡjæuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/giawH/
Li Rong	/ɡiɛuH/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɛuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ɛuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	giu6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡews/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	翹
Reading #	2/2
No.	14682
Phonetic component	垚
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	翹
Old Chinese	/*ɡews/

Definitions

翹

1. (colloquial) to stick up (one end of an object, such as a tail); to curl up; to turn upwards
2. (colloquial) to leave in stealth; to play truant; to wag (from school)

Compounds

• 死翹翹／死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào)
• 翹家／翘家
• 翹尾巴／翘尾巴
• 翹板／翘板 (qiàobǎn)
• 翹班／翘班 (qiàobān)
• 翹翹板／翘翘板 (qiàoqiàobǎn)
• 翹舌音／翘舌音
• 翹課／翘课 (qiàokè)
• 翹辮子／翘辫子 (qiào biànzi)

 

References

• “翹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

翹

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. excellence

Readings

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←げう (geu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けう (keu, historical)}
• Kun: つまだてる (tsumadateru, 翹てる)、あげる (ageru, 翹げる)

Compounds

Compounds

• 翹企(ぎょうき) (gyōki)
• 翹翹(ぎょうぎょう) (gyōgyō)
• 翹材(ぎょうざい) (gyōzai)
• 翹思(ぎょうし) (gyōshi)
• 翹首(ぎょうしゅ) (gyōshu)
• 翹然(ぎょうぜん) (gyōzen)
• 翹楚(ぎょうそ) (gyōso)
• 翹足(ぎょうそく) (gyōsoku)
• 翹望(ぎょうぼう) (gyōbō)
• 翹揺(げんげ) (genge)
• 翠翹(すいぎょう) (suigyō)
• 連翹(れんぎょう) (rengyō)
• 連翹忌(れんぎょうき) (rengyōki)

Korean

Hanja

翹 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Compounds

• 연교 (連翹, yeon'gyo)
• 교사 (翹思, gyosa)
• 교망 (翹望, gyomang)
• 교수 (翹首, gyosu)
• 교초 (翹楚, gyocho)
• 교두 (翹頭, gyodu)
• 교수 (翹秀, gyosu)
• 암연교 (巖連翹, amyeon'gyo)
• 중교두 (重翹頭, junggyodu)
• 연교화 (連翹花, yeon'gyohwa)
• 교참 (翹懺, gyocham)
• 교륜 (翹綸, gyoryun)
• 교기 (翹跂, gyogi)
• 교영 (翹榮, gyoyeong)
• 교영 (翹英, gyoyeong)
• 취교 (翠翹, chwigyo)

Vietnamese

Han character

翹: Hán Việt readings: kiều
翹: Nôm readings: khiêu, kẻo

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 翠翹 (thúy kiều/thuý kiều)
• 翹企 (kiều xí)
• 翹才 (kiều tài)
• 翹翹 (kiều kiều)
• 翹首 (kiều thủ)
• 鳳翹 (phượng kiều)