憯懍

Chinese

		already; sorrowful	fear
trad. (憯懍)		憯	懍
simp. (憯懔)		憯	懔

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cǎnlǐn

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˇ ㄌㄧㄣˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cǎnlǐn [Phonetic: cánlǐn]
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˇ ㄌㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǎnlǐn
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻan³-lin³
  - Yale: tsǎn-lǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaanliin
  - Palladius: цаньлинь (canʹlinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Adjective

憯懍

sad and afraid
- 是故懷戚者聞之，莫不憯懍慘悽，愀愴傷心。 [MSC, trad.]
  是故怀戚者闻之，莫不憯懔惨凄，愀怆伤心。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 《琴賦》(A Composition on the Qin) by Ji Kang (223–262); 1941 translation by Robert van Gulik
  Shìgù huái qī zhě wén zhī, mòbù cǎnlǐn cǎnqī, qiǎochuàng shāngxīn. [Pinyin]
  If the downcast hear this music, they will all be sorrowful and pained, grief will wound their hearts, and they cannot refrain from mournful wails.

Synonyms

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京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
傷心 / 伤心 (shāngxīn)
傷悲 / 伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
傷感 / 伤感 (shānggǎn)
傷懷 / 伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
傷痛 / 伤痛 (shāngtòng)
傷神 / 伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
刺心 (cìxīn)
哀傷 / 哀伤 (āishāng)
哀切 (āiqiè)
哀怨 (āiyuàn)
哀悽 / 哀凄 (āiqī)
哀慟 / 哀恸 (āitòng)
哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
哀痛 (āitòng)
哀苦 (āikǔ)
心酸 (xīnsuān)
怛傷 / 怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
情傷 / 情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
悲傷 / 悲伤 (bēishāng)
悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
悲哀 (bēi'āi)
悲悽 / 悲凄 (bēiqī)
悱惻 / 悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
悽惶 / 凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
悽愴 / 凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
悲愴 / 悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
悲慘 / 悲惨 (bēicǎn)
悲慟 / 悲恸 (bēitòng)
悲戚 (bēiqī)
悽戚 / 凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
悲涼 / 悲凉 (bēiliáng)
悲痛 (bēitòng)
悲苦 (bēikǔ)
感傷 / 感伤 (gǎnshāng)
愀愴 / 愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
惻然 / 恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
愴然 / 怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
慘 / 惨 (cǎn)
憂傷 / 忧伤 (yōushāng)
慘悽 / 惨凄 (cǎnqī)
憂愁 / 忧愁 (yōuchóu)
憂戚 / 忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
慘淡 / 惨淡 (cǎndàn)
懤懤 / 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
沉痛 (chéntòng)
淒切 / 凄切 (qīqiè)
淒惻 / 凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
淒慘 / 凄惨 (qīcǎn)
淒楚 / 凄楚 (qīchǔ)
淒涼 / 凄凉 (qīliáng)
淒然 / 凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
痛心 (tòngxīn)
艱苦心 / 艰苦心 (Hokkien)
蒼涼 / 苍凉 (cāngliáng)
酸心 (suānxīn)
難受 / 难受 (nánshòu)
難過 / 难过 (nánguò)
青凊 (Hokkien)
黯然 (ànrán)