淒涼
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See also: 凄凉
Chinese
[edit]| intense cold; mournful | cool; cold | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (淒涼/悽涼) | 淒/悽 | 涼 | |
| simp. (凄凉) | 凄 | 凉 | |
| alternative forms | 凄涼 凄凉 悽凉 | ||
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cai1 loeng4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhî-liòng
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chhe-liâng / chhe-liông / chhi-liâng
- (Teochew, Peng'im): ci1 liang5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ ㄌㄧㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciliáng
- Wade–Giles: chʻi1-liang2
- Yale: chī-lyáng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiliang
- Palladius: цилян (ciljan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: cai1 loeng4
- Yale: chāi lèuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsai1 loeng4
- Guangdong Romanization: cei1 lêng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhî-liòng
- Hakka Romanization System: qiˊ liongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qi1 liong2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi²⁴ li̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhe-liâng
- Tâi-lô: tshe-liâng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheliaang
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰe³³ liaŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhe-liông
- Tâi-lô: tshe-liông
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhelioong
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰe³³ liɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhi-liâng
- Tâi-lô: tshi-liâng
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiliaang
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰi⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ¹³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ci1 liang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshi liâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi³³⁻²³ liaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: tshej ljang
Adjective
[edit]淒涼
Synonyms
[edit]- (bleak):
- (miserable):
- 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
- 傷心／伤心 (shāngxīn)
- 傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
- 傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
- 傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
- 傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
- 傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
- 刺心 (cìxīn)
- 哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
- 哀切 (āiqiè)
- 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
- 哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
- 哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
- 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
- 哀痛 (āitòng)
- 哀苦 (āikǔ)
- 心酸 (xīnsuān)
- 怛傷／怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
- 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
- 情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
- 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
- 悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
- 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
- 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
- 悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
- 悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
- 悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
- 悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
- 悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
- 悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
- 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
- 悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
- 悲戚 (bēiqī)
- 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
- 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
- 悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
- 悲痛 (bēitòng)
- 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
- 感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
- 愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
- 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
- 惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
- 愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
- 慘／惨 (cǎn)
- 憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
- 慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
- 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
- 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
- 慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
- 憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
- 懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
- 沉痛 (chéntòng)
- 淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
- 淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
- 淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
- 淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
- 淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
- 痛心 (tòngxīn)
- 艱苦心／艰苦心 (Hokkien)
- 蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
- 酸心 (suānxīn)
- 難受／难受 (nánshòu)
- 難過／难过 (nánguò)
- 青凊 (Hokkien)
- 黯然 (ànrán)
Derived terms
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 淒 | 涼 |
Adjective
[edit]淒涼
Categories:
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