憤

See also: 愤

憤 U+61A4, 憤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61A4 ← 憣 [U+61A3] CJK Unified Ideographs 憥 → [U+61A5]

憤 U+2F8AD, 憤 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8AD ← 憲 [U+2F8AC] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 憯 → [U+2F8AE]

Translingual

Han character

憤 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心十廿金 (PJTC), four-corner 9408₆, composition ⿰忄賁)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 403, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11239
• Dae Jaweon: page 743, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2352, character 11
• Unihan data for U+61A4

• Unihan data for U+2F8AD

Chinese

trad.		憤
simp.		愤
2nd round simp.		忿
alternative forms		忿 phonetic loan

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 憤
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (奔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
賁	*prals, *bɯl, *pɯːn, *bɯn
蟦	*bɯl, *bɯlʔ, *bɯls
膹	*bɯlʔ, *bɯnʔ
橨	*bɯlʔ, *bɯn
奔	*pɯːn, *pɯːns
錛	*pɯːn
噴	*pʰɯːn, *pʰɯːns, *pɯns
濆	*pʰɯːn, *bɯn
歕	*pʰɯːn, *pʰɯːns
獖	*bɯːnʔ
餴	*pɯn
饙	*pɯn
僨	*pɯns
墳	*bɯn, *bɯnʔ
燌	*bɯn
豶	*bɯn
羵	*bɯn
蕡	*bɯn
鐼	*bɯn, *hmɯns
馩	*bɯn
轒	*bɯn, *bɯnʔ
鼖	*bɯn
憤	*bɯnʔ
鱝	*bɯnʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fèn (fen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fan⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun
• Eastern Min (BUC): hūng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hùn / hǔn / hūn / hún

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
    • Wade–Giles: fên⁴
    • Yale: fèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
    • Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fan⁵
    • Yale: fáhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun
    • Hakka Romanization System: fun
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fun⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hūng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
    • Tâi-lô: hùn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /hun²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hun¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔn
    • Tâi-lô: hǔn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn
    • Tâi-lô: hūn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hun
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hún
    • Tâi-lô: hún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huon
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjunX

Rime
Character	憤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房吻切
Baxter	bjunX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨunX/
Pan Wuyun	/biunX/
Shao Rongfen	/biuənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bunX/
Li Rong	/biuənX/
Wang Li	/bĭuənX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]urʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*bɯnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèn
Middle Chinese	‹ bjunX ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]urʔ/
English	unhappy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憤
Reading #	1/1
No.	466
Phonetic component	奔
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	憤
Old Chinese	/*bɯnʔ/

Definitions

憤

1. to be indignant; to get angry

Compounds

• 不憤／不愤
• 人神共憤／人神共愤 (rénshéngòngfèn)
• 人神同憤／人神同愤
• 公憤／公愤 (gōngfèn)
• 嗟憤／嗟愤
• 孤憤／孤愤
• 幽憤／幽愤 (yōufèn)
• 怨憤／怨愤
• 恚憤／恚愤
• 悒憤／悒愤
• 悱憤／悱愤
• 悲憤／悲愤 (bēifèn)
• 悲憤填膺／悲愤填膺
• 悲憤詩／悲愤诗
• 感憤／感愤
• 慨憤／慨愤
• 愾憤／忾愤
• 憂憤／忧愤
• 憤不顧身／愤不顾身
• 憤世／愤世
• 憤世嫉俗／愤世嫉俗 (fènshìjísú)
• 憤世嫉邪／愤世嫉邪
• 憤切／愤切
• 憤嫉／愤嫉
• 憤心／愤心
• 憤怒／愤怒 (fènnù)
• 憤怒痙攣／愤怒痉挛
• 憤恨／愤恨 (fènhèn)
• 憤恚／愤恚
• 憤恨不平／愤恨不平 (fènhèn bùpíng)
• 憤悱／愤悱
• 憤惋／愤惋
• 憤慨／愤慨 (fènkǎi)
• 憤愾／愤忾
• 憤憤／愤愤 (fènfèn)
• 憤憤不平／愤愤不平 (fènfènbùpíng)
• 憤懣／愤懑 (fènmèn)
• 憤氣填膺／愤气填膺
• 憤激／愤激
• 憤然／愤然 (fènrán)
• 憤盈／愤盈
• 憤薄／愤薄
• 攄憤／摅愤
• 民憤／民愤 (mínfèn)
• 氣不憤／气不愤
• 氣憤／气愤 (qìfèn)
• 氣憤填膺／气愤填膺
• 氣憤憤／气愤愤 (qìfènfèn)
• 氣憤難平／气愤难平
• 洩憤／泄愤 (xièfèn)
• 激憤／激愤 (jīfèn)
• 狡憤／狡愤
• 疾世憤俗／疾世愤俗
• 發憤／发愤 (fāfèn)
• 發憤努力／发愤努力
• 發憤向上／发愤向上
• 發憤圖強／发愤图强 (fāfèntúqiáng)
• 發憤忘食／发愤忘食 (fāfènwàngshí)
• 羞憤／羞愤
• 群情激憤／群情激愤 (qúnqíng jīfèn)
• 義憤／义愤 (yìfèn)
• 義憤填胸／义愤填胸
• 義憤填膺／义愤填膺 (yìfèntiányīng)

 

Descendants

• → Thai: ฟุน (fun)
• → Isan: ฟุน
• → Lao: ຟຸນ (fun)

Japanese

Kanji

憤

(Jōyō kanji)

1. indignation, resentment

Readings

• Go-on: ぶん (bun)
• Kan-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
• Kun: いきどおる (ikidōru, 憤る, Jōyō)、いきどおり (ikidōri, 憤り)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 憤 (MC bjunX).

Hanja

憤 (eumhun 분할 분 (bunhal bun))

1. hanja form^? of 분 (“resent, hate”)
2. hanja form^? of 분 (“indignant”)

Vietnamese

Han character

憤: Hán Nôm readings: phẫn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.