幻

See also: 幼 and 𠄔

幻	U+5E7B, 幻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E7B

← 幺
[U+5E7A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

幼 →
[U+5E7C]

Translingual

Han character

幻 (Kangxi radical 52, 幺+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 女戈尸 (VIS) or 難女戈尸 (XVIS), four-corner 2772₀, composition ⿰幺𠃌)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 341, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9190
Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1093, character 3
Unihan data for U+5E7B

Chinese

simp. and trad.		幻
alternative forms		𠄔眩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 幻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Three interpretations, all of which are ideogram (指事) :

Variant of 玄 with an elongated stroke to distinguish (Ji Xusheng).
Abbreviation of 縣 (He Linyi).
Inversion of 予 (Shuowen Jiezi).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): huàn (huan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huan⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): waan⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): van⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): fon⁵ / fan⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fan

(Meixian, Guangdong): fan⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): huan³
Northern Min (KCR): huīng
Eastern Min (BUC): huâng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang⁴ / huong⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hoān / hoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): huang³ / huêng³ / huam³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ue
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): honn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
  - Wade–Giles: huan⁴
  - Yale: hwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
  - Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: huan⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuan²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: waan⁶
  - Yale: waahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: van⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /van²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fon⁵ / fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɵn¹¹/, /fan¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: huan³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huang⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
  - Tâi-lô: huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huan²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /huan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huang³ / huêng³ / huam³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng / huèng / huàm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ²¹³/, /huam²¹³/

Note:

huang3 - Shantou;
huêng3 - Chaozhou;
huam3 - Jieyang, Raoping, Huilai, Pontianak.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ue
  - MiniDict: ue^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: honn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xõ⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 幻
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/xuan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/xuan⁵³/
	Jinan	/xuã²¹/
	Qingdao	/xuã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/xuã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/xuã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/xuan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/xuɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xuan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/xuan³⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuan¹³/
	Guiyang	/xuan²¹³/
	Kunming	/xuã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/xuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/xʊ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ue³⁵/
	Suzhou	/ue̞⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦuõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/v̠a³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/xuːə⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/xõ⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/hɔn⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/fɵn²¹/ /fan²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/fan⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wan²²/
	Nanning	/wan²²/
	Hong Kong	/wan²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/huan²²/ /huan²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/huɑŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xuiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/huaŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/huaŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: hweanH

Rime
Character	幻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	山 (74)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	胡辨切
Baxter	hweanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠuɛn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚæn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwəɨn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣuɛn^H/
Wang Li	/ɣwæn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣwăn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷreːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	幻
Reading #	1/1
No.	5352
Phonetic component	幻
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	幻
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷreːns/

Definitions

幻

mystical; mysterious
illusion; fantasy; mirage

Compounds

夢幻 / 梦幻 (mènghuàn)
夢幻劇 / 梦幻剧
夢幻泡影 / 梦幻泡影
太虛幻境 / 太虚幻境
奇幻 (qíhuàn)
奇幻迷離 / 奇幻迷离
如夢似幻 / 如梦似幻
如幻似真
幻世
幻人
幻光
幻化 (huànhuà)
幻塵 / 幻尘
幻境 (huànjìng)
幻夢 / 幻梦 (huànmèng)
幻夢成空 / 幻梦成空
幻影 (huànyǐng)
幻想 (huànxiǎng)
幻想力
幻想曲 (huànxiǎngqǔ)
幻想派
幻日 (huànrì)
幻景 (huànjǐng)
幻民
幻法 (huànfǎ)
幻泡
幻滅 / 幻灭 (huànmiè)
幻燈 / 幻灯 (huàndēng)
幻燈機 / 幻灯机 (huàndēngjī)
幻燈片 / 幻灯片
幻相
幻視 / 幻视 (huànshì)
幻術 / 幻术 (huànshù)
幻覺 / 幻觉 (huànjué)
幻象 (huànxiàng)
泡幻
科幻 (kēhuàn)
科幻小說 / 科幻小说
科幻電影 / 科幻电影
空幻 (kōnghuàn)
虛幻 / 虚幻 (xūhuàn)
譸張為幻 / 诪张为幻
變幻 / 变幻 (biànhuàn)
變幻不測 / 变幻不测
變幻無常 / 变幻无常
變幻莫測 / 变幻莫测 (biànhuànmòcè)
迷幻藥 / 迷幻药 (míhuànyào)
風雲變幻 / 风云变幻 (fēngyúnbiànhuàn)
魔幻 (móhuàn)

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “幻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

Japanese

Kanji

幻

(Jōyō kanji)

fantasy, phantom

Readings

Go-on: げん (gen, Jōyō)^{←げん (gen, historical)}^{←ぐゑん (gwen, ancient)}
Kan-on: かん (kan)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}
Kun: まぼろし (maboroshi, 幻, Jōyō)

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
幻
まぼろし Grade: S
kun'yomi

Probably from Old Japanese. Used in The Tale of Genji, completed in 1021.^[1]^[2]

The initial ma is almost certainly 目 (ma, modern me, “eye”). The boroshi portion is of uncertain derivation, possibly related to modern colloquial adjective ぼろい (boroi, “rough, ragged, worn-out”), or verb ばらす (barasu, “to mess something up”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) まぼろし [màbóróshí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ma̠bo̞ɾo̞ɕi]

Noun

幻(まぼろし) • (maboroshi)

an illusion, a phantom, a dream, a vision

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

幻 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

幻: Hán Nôm readings: huyễn, hoẻn, ảo

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Usage notes

Ảo appears to be a misreading due to confusion with the character 抝 or 拗 (ảo).

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]