眩

眩 U+7729, 眩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7729 ← 眨 [U+7728] CJK Unified Ideographs 眪 → [U+772A]

Translingual

Han character

眩 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月山卜女戈 (BUYVI), four-corner 6003₂, composition ⿰目玄)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 805, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23254
• Dae Jaweon: page 1221, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2482, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7729

Chinese

simp. and trad.		眩
alternative forms		眴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (玄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
弦	*ɡeːn
絃	*ɡeːn, *qʰʷeːn
舷	*ɡeːn
痃	*ɡeːn
胘	*ɡeːn, *ɡʷeːn
蚿	*ɡeːn
伭	*ɡeːn
婱	*ɡeːn
玄	*ɡʷeːn
眩	*ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn
玹	*ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn
玆	*ɡʷeːn
詃	*kʷeːn
泫	*ɡʷeːn
鉉	*ɡʷeːn
炫	*ɡʷeːn
袨	*ɡʷeːn
衒	*ɡʷeːn
惤	*ɡʷreːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn).

Etymology

Related to 熒 (OC wêŋ). See there for more.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuàn (xuan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁶ / jyun⁴ / waan⁶
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng⁵ / hyeng⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiân / hîn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiêng⁵ / hiang⁵ / hing⁵ / hêng⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuàn
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan⁴
    • Yale: sywàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuann
    • Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁶ / jyun⁴ / waan⁶
    • Yale: yuhn / yùhn / waahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁶ / jyn⁴ / waan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁶ / yun⁴ / wan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²²/, /jyːn²¹/, /waːn²²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hœŋ²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hyeng⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyøŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiân
    • Tâi-lô: hiân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hieen
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /hiɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore, Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hîn
    • Tâi-lô: hîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiin
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Singapore): /hin²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hin¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Penang): /hin²³/

Note:

• hiân - literary;
• hîn - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: hiêng⁵ / hiang⁵ / hing⁵ / hêng⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiêng / hiâng / hîng / hêng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieŋ⁵⁵/, /hiaŋ⁵⁵/, /hiŋ⁵⁵/, /heŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• hiêng5 - literary (Chaozhou);
• hiang5 - literary (Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang);
• hing5 - vernacular (Chaozhou);
• hêng5 - vernacular (Jieyang).

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• Middle Chinese: hwen, hwenH

Rime
Character	眩	眩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (86)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	胡涓切	黃練切
Baxter	hwen	hwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwen/	/ɦwenH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷen/	/ɦʷenH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɛn/	/ɣuɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwɛn/	/ɦwɛnH/
Li Rong	/ɣuen/	/ɣuenH/
Wang Li	/ɣiwen/	/ɣiwenH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiwen/	/ɣiwenH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuán	xuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun4	jyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眩	眩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14030	14037
Phonetic component	玄	玄
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	玄	泫
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷeːn/	/*ɡʷeːn/

Definitions

眩

1. dizzy; giddy; vertiginous
2. (literary) puzzled; bewildered
3. Alternative form of 炫 (xuàn, “to dazzle”)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 暈 (“dizzy; giddy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		暈
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	暈
	Singapore	暈
Cantonese	Hong Kong	暈
	Singapore (Guangfu)	暈
Southern Min	Xiamen	眩
	Quanzhou	眩
	Zhangzhou	眩
	Tainan	眩, 楞
	Penang (Hokkien)	眩
	Singapore (Hokkien)	眩, 楞
	Manila (Hokkien)	眩
	Raoping	眩
	Jieyang	眩, 愩
	Singapore (Teochew)	眩
	Wenchang	眩
	Singapore (Hainanese)	眩

Compounds

• 昏眩 (hūnxuàn)
• 暈眩／晕眩 (yūnxuàn)
• 發眩／发眩
• 目眩 (mùxuàn)
• 目眩心花
• 目眩神搖／目眩神摇
• 目眩神迷
• 目眩神馳／目眩神驰
• 目眩魂搖／目眩魂摇
• 眩人 (xuànrén)
• 眩惑
• 眩暈／眩晕
• 眩曜
• 眩泯
• 眩湣
• 眩目 (xuànmù)
• 眩目震耳
• 眩眠
• 眩眩
• 眩耀 (xuànyào)
• 瞑眩
• 神搖目眩／神摇目眩
• 耳目昏眩
• 蝯眩
• 頭懸目眩／头悬目眩
• 頭昏目眩／头昏目眩
• 頭暈目眩／头晕目眩
• 頭眩／头眩
• 頭眩眼花／头眩眼花

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “眩”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 270.

Japanese

Kanji

眩

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: げん (gen)
• Kan-on: けん (ken)
• Kun: くらむ (kuramu, 眩む)、まどう (madou, 眩う)、くれる (kureru, 眩れる)、めまい (memai, 眩)、まぶしい (mabushii, 眩しい)

Korean

Hanja

眩 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.