垸

垸 U+57B8, 垸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-57B8 ← 垷 [U+57B7] CJK Unified Ideographs 垹 → [U+57B9]

Translingual

Han character

垸 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 土十一山 (GJMU), four-corner 4311₁, composition ⿰土完)

1. a dike, embankment

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 229, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5090
• Dae Jaweon: page 464, character 40
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 447, character 3
• Unihan data for U+57B8

Chinese

simp. and trad.		垸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (元) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
冠	*kŋoːn, *kŋoːns
莞	*kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
脘	*ŋkoːnʔ
筦	*ŋkoːnʔ
梡	*ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
岏	*ŋoːn
刓	*ŋoːn
园	*ŋoːn
忨	*ŋoːn, *ŋoːns
蚖	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
黿	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
抏	*ŋoːn
玩	*ŋoːns
貦	*ŋoːns
翫	*ŋoːns
妧	*ŋoːns
完	*ɦŋoːn
捖	*ɦŋoːn
垸	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns
綄	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
院	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons
皖	*ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ
晥	*ɦŋoːnʔ
浣	*ɦŋoːnʔ
頑	*ŋroːn, *ŋroːn
睆	*ɦŋroːnʔ
鯇	*ɦŋroːnʔ
元	*ŋon
沅	*ŋon
芫	*ŋon
杬	*ŋon
邧	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
阮	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
俒	*ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 完 (OC *ɦŋoːn).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuàn, huán (yuan⁴, huan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˋ, ㄏㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴ / jyun⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuàn
    • Wade–Giles: yüan⁴
    • Yale: ywàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuann
    • Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huán
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huán
    • Wade–Giles: huan²
    • Yale: hwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
    • Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴ / jyun⁶
    • Yale: yùhn / yuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴ / jyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴ / yun⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/, /jyːn²²/

Definitions

垸

1. dike; embankment (used with reference to dikes on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River)

Compounds

• 三合垸 (Sānhéyuàn)
• 三家垸 (Sānjiāyuàn)
• 久合垸 (Jiǔhéyuàn)
• 土城垸 (Tǔchéngyuàn)
• 均垸 (Jūnyuàn)
• 垸子
• 大垸 (Dàyuàn)
• 王垸 (Wángyuàn)
• 陳垸 / 陈垸 (Chényuàn)
• 黎家垸 (Líjiāyuàn)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huán, huàn (huan², huan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˊ, ㄏㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wun⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huán
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huán
    • Wade–Giles: huan²
    • Yale: hwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
    • Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
    • Wade–Giles: huan⁴
    • Yale: hwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
    • Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wun⁶
    • Yale: wuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wun⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wun⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːn²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: hwan, hwanH

Rime
Character	垸	垸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	胡官切	胡玩切
Baxter	hwan	hwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑn/	/ɦuɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑn/	/ɦʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑn/	/ɣuɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwan/	/ɦwanH/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑn/	/ɣuɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑn/	/ɣuɑnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuɑn/	/ɣuɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huán	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun4	wun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦŋoːn/, /*ɦŋoːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	垸	垸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16128	16137
Phonetic component	元	元
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	桓	換
Old Chinese	/*ɦŋoːn/	/*ɦŋoːns/

Definitions

垸

1. to smear with varnishes and ashes

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 垸 – see 鍰 (“unit of weight equivalent to six liang; metal coins; money”). (This character is an ancient form of 鍰).

Japanese

Kanji

垸

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): かん (kan)、がん (gan)
• Kun: まろぶ (marobu)

Korean

Hanja

垸 • (wan) (hangeul 완, revised wan, McCune–Reischauer wan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.