信使

Chinese

		letter; true; to believe letter; true; to believe; sign; evidence	to make; to cause; to enable to make; to cause; to enable; to use; to employ; messenger
simp. and trad. (信使)		信	使

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xìnshǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄕˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seon³ si³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xìnshǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄕˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sìnshǐh
    • Wade–Giles: hsin⁴-shih³
    • Yale: syìn-shř
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinnshyy
    • Palladius: синьши (sinʹši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 信使 信史

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: seon³ si³
    • Yale: seun si
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soen³ si³
    • Guangdong Romanization: sên³ xi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn³³ siː³³/

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• Middle Chinese: sinH sriH

Rime
Character	信	使
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息晉切	踈吏切
Baxter	sinH	sriH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪnH/	/ʃɨH/
Pan Wuyun	/sinH/	/ʃɨH/
Shao Rongfen	/sjenH/	/ʃieH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sinH/	/ʂɨH/
Li Rong	/siĕnH/	/ʃiəH/
Wang Li	/sĭĕnH/	/ʃĭəH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯ĕnH/	/ʂiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xìn	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san3	si3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ni[ŋ]-s  s-rəʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljins  srɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	信	使
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xìn	shǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ sinH ›	‹ sriH ›
Old Chinese	/*s-ni[ŋ]-s/	/*s-rəʔ-s/
English	truthful	envoy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	信	使
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	13849	11491
Phonetic component	信	史
Rime group	眞	之
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	信	𩢲
Old Chinese	/*hljins/	/*srɯs/
Notes	金文或從人從口， 本指操信符傳言之信使， 故表可信，或從言身聲

Noun

信使

1. courier; messenger
2. (biochemistry) messenger (molecule)

Synonyms

• (courier): (literary, or in compounds) 信 (xìn)

Derived terms

• 信使分子
• 信使費／信使费 (xìnshǐfèi)
• 第二信使 (dì'èrxìnshǐ)